Strigiformes

Also known as owl order, strigiforms

Owls are birds from the order Strigiformes (), which includes over 200 species of mostly solitary and nocturnal birds of prey typified by an upright stance, a large, broad head, binocular vision, binaural hearing, sharp talons, and feathers adapted for silent flight. Exceptions include the diurnal northern hawk-owl and the gregarious burrowing owl.

AI overview

Strigiformes is the scientific order that includes owls, a diverse group of over 200 bird species characterized by features like an upright posture, large head, forward-facing eyes, sharp talons, and specially adapted feathers that allow silent flight. These birds matter because they are skilled nocturnal hunters that play important roles in their ecosystems, though some species like the northern hawk-owl and burrowing owl break the typical owl pattern by being active during the day or living in groups.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Species

Eulen

Strigiformes

ORDER

KingdomAnimalia
PhylumChordata
ClassAves
OrderStrigiformes

Observations recorded12,223,220

本文介紹的是鳥類。關於華語電影，請見「貓頭鷹 (電影)」。「枭」重定向至此。關於与此名称相似的其他条目，詳見「枭 (消歧义)」。鴞（xiāo）、梟、貓頭鷹，是鸮形目（学名：Strigiformes）的鳥類。鸮形目是鸟纲中的一个目，其下有超过130个种。在除南极洲以外所有的大洲都有分布。大部分的种为夜行性肉食性动物。目录 1 形体特征 2 习性 3 繁殖 4 欧洲猫头鹰种 5 文化 6 外部鏈結 7 參考資料形体特征雕鸮的头骨本目鸟类体形大小不一，大者如鵰鸮体长可达90厘米，小者如东方角鸮体长不及20厘米。本目鸟类头宽大，嘴短而粗壮前端成钩状。相对于头部硕大的双目均向前是本目鸟类共有且区别于其他鸟类的特征，头部正面的羽毛排列成面盘，部分种类具有耳状羽毛。双目的分布，面盘和耳羽使本目鸟类的头部与猫极其相似，故本目鸟类俗称猫头鹰。本目鸟类的耳孔位于头部两侧且分布和形状均不对称，这有利于他们在黑暗中准确定位声音的来源。本目鸟类瞳孔很大，使光线易于入眼，视网膜中视杆细胞（只有一种视觉色素，即视紫红质能辨明暗，不能辨细节和颜色）非常丰富，却不含视锥细胞（在强光刺激下方会被激活，有三种视觉色素，能辨细节和颜色），以至眼內成圓柱狀(而非球狀)，对弱光也有良好的敏感性，适合夜间活动。长耳鸮的耳孔由于柱狀的眼球有坚硬的巩膜环支撑，所以眼睛並不能向不同方向轉動，要望不同方向時，需轉動整個頭部。也因此本目的鸟有着灵活的颈骨，颈部可旋转270度。另外，眼中有3張眼瞼，上眼瞼會於眨眼時放下，下眼瞼會於睡覺時蓋上，而中眼瞼是一線狀組織，會於眼面上下移動清潔眼面。不同於其他鳥類，雙目向前，視區重疊，可因此分辨距離。本目鸟类翅形不一，一般短圆，初级飞羽11枚，次级飞羽缺第五枚，尾短圆，尾羽12枚，部分种类10枚。領角鴞快要蓋上的上下眼瞼本目鸟类腿强健有力，爪强锐内弯，部分种类如鵰鸮，整个足部均被羽，外观極其强悍。本目鸟类趾形均为转趾足，即第四趾可以前后转动。长耳鸮的羽毛本目鸟类全身羽毛柔软轻松，羽色大多为哑暗的棕褐灰色，柔软的羽毛有消音的作用，使本目鸟类飞行起来迅速而安静，加上哑暗的羽色，非常适合夜间活动。习性貓頭鷹晚上大多棲於樹上本目鸟类大多栖息于树上，部分种类栖息于岩石间，仙人掌內和草地上。本目鸟类绝大多数是夜行性动物，昼伏夜出，白天隐匿于树丛岩穴或屋檐中不易见到，但也有部分种类如斑头鸺鹠、纵纹腹小鸮和鵰鸮等白天亦不安寂寞，常外出活动；一贯夜行的种类，一旦在白天活动，常飞行颠簸不定犹如醉酒，不過其中也有一個例外，那就是雪鴞。本目鸟类鸣声多变，嘶哑刺耳者有诸，悦耳如乐音者亦有诸。本目鸟类均以小型动物为食，包括昆虫、蚯蚓、蛙、蜥蜴、蛇、小型鸟类和哺乳动物等。体形较大的鸮类如鵰鸮、雪鸮多以中小型哺乳动物如鼠类兔类为食，体形较小的鸮类如红角鸮则以昆虫为

via GBIF

~34 min read

Article

31 sections

Contents

Anatomy
Sexual dimorphism
Hunting adaptations
Flight and feathers
Vision
Hearing
Talons
Beak
Camouflage
Behavior
Breeding and reproduction
Evolution and systematics
Ogygoptyngidae
Protostrigidae
Sophiornithidae
Tytonidae
Strigidae
Symbolism and mythology
Africa
South Asia
East Asia
China
Japan
Mesopotamia
Europe
Native American cultures
Rodent control
Conservation issues
References
Further reading
External links

Owls are divided into two families: the true (or typical) owl family, Strigidae, and the barn owl and bay owl family, Tytonidae. Owls hunt mostly small mammals, insects, and other birds, although a few species specialize in hunting fish. They are found in all regions of the Earth except the polar ice caps and some remote islands.