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A temperate climate is a moderate climate zone found between the tropics and the polar regions, characterized by mild temperatures and distinct seasons. These climates matter because they support diverse ecosystems and are home to much of Earth's population, making them important for agriculture, biodiversity, and human civilization.
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A Köppen–Geiger climate map showing temperate climates for 1991–2020 The different geographical zones of the world. The temperate zones, in the sense of geographical regions defined by latitude, span from either north or south of the tropics (north or south of the red strip) to the polar circles.
In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximately 23.5° to 66.5° N/S of the Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout the year and more distinct seasonal changes compared to tropical climates, where such variations are often small; they usually differ only in the amount of precipitation.