File:2-propylpentanoic_acid_200.svg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
valproic acid
Also known as LEP321, A-44090, 2-n-propyl-n-valeric acid, n-DPA, DPA, dipropylacetic acid, VPA, 2-n-propyl-4-pentenoic acid
Valproate (valproic acid, VPA, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms) are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder. They are useful for the prevention of seizures in those with absence seizures, partial seizures, and generalized seizures. They can be given intravenously or by mouth, and the tablet forms exist in both long- and short-acting formulations.
Key facts
- Drug.metabolism
- Liver—glucuronide conjugation 30–50%, mitochondrial β-oxidation over 40%
- Drug.elimination_half life
- 9–16 hours
- Drug.excretion
- Urine (30–50%)
- Drug.CAS_number
- 76584-70-8
- Drug.PubChem
- 23663956
- Drug.IUPHAR_ligand
- 7009
- Drug.DrugBank
- DBSALT000185
- Drug.ChemSpiderID
- 48337
- Drug.UNII
- 644VL95AO6
- Drug.KEGG
- D00304
- Drug.ChEBI
- 4667
- Drug.ChEMBL
- 2105613
- Drug.Watchedfields
~29 min read
Article
45 sectionsContents
- Medical uses
- Epilepsy
- Psychiatric disorders
- Other uses
- Contraindications
- Adverse effects
- Pregnancy
- Elderly
- Overdose and toxicity
- Interactions
- Pharmacology
- Pharmacodynamics
- Endocrine actions
- Pharmacokinetics
- Chemistry
- History
- Society and culture
- Restrictions
- Approval status
- Off-label uses
- Formulations
- Terminology
- Brand names of valproic acid
- Brand names of sodium valproate
- Portugal
- United States
- Australia
- New Zealand
- UK
- UK only
- Germany, Switzerland, Norway, Finland, Sweden
- South Africa
- Malaysia
- Romania
- Canada
- Japan
- Europe
- Taiwan
- Iran
- Israel
- India, Russia and [[Commonwealth of Independent States|CIS]] countries
- Uruguay
- Brand names of valproate semisodium
- Research
- References
Valproate (valproic acid, VPA, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms) are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder. They are useful for the prevention of seizures in those with absence seizures, partial seizures, and generalized seizures. They can be given intravenously or by mouth, and the tablet forms exist in both long- and short-acting formulations.
Common side effects of valproate include nausea, vomiting, somnolence, and dry mouth. Serious side effects can include liver failure, and regular monitoring of liver function tests is therefore recommended. Other serious risks include pancreatitis and an increased suicide risk.