Wahhabism
Also known as Wahhabist, Wahhabi mission, Muwahhidun
Wahhabism is a Salafi revivalist movement within Sunni Islam named after the 18th-century Hanbali scholar Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. It was initially established in the central Arabian region of Najd and later spread to other parts of the Arabian Peninsula, and was the official policy of Saudi Arabia until 2022. Despite being founded on the principles of Sunni Islam, the Hanbalite scholars Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn al-Qayyim in particular, Wahhabism may also refer to doctrinal differences distinct from other forms of Sunni Islam. Non-Wahhabi Sunnis also have compared Wahhabism to the belief of the
AI overview
Wahhabism is a revivalist Islamic movement that originated in 18th-century Arabia and became the official policy of Saudi Arabia, emphasizing a strict interpretation of Sunni Islamic principles. It matters because it has significantly influenced Islamic thought and practice across the Arabian Peninsula and beyond, though it is theologically distinct from other forms of Sunni Islam and remains a subject of comparison and debate among Muslim scholars.
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Article
53 sectionsContents
- Name and definition
- Etymology
- Definition
- Naming controversy
- Wahhabism and Salafism
- History
- Relations with other Islamic reform movements
- Islamic revivalism
- Kadizadeli
- Ahl-i-Hadith
- ''Salafiyya'' movement
- Contemporary relations
- Theology
- Tawhid
- ''Ijtihad'' and ''Taqlid''
- Practices
- Commanding right and forbidding wrong
- Appearance
- Beliefs
- Loyalty and disassociation
- On Jihad
- Criticism of Shi'ism
- Views on mysticism
- Views on modernity
- Jurisprudence
- Perspective on other schools
- Ibn Mu'ammar's Legal Theory
- Social reform
- Politics
- Prevalence
- Notable leaders
- International influence and propagation
- Explanation for influence
- Funding
- Militant and political Islam
- Contemporary discourse
- Criticism and support
- Criticism by other Muslims
- Initial criticism
- Sunni criticism
- Turkey
- South Asia
- Lebanon
- United States
- Non-religious motivations
- Support
- See also
- References
- Notes
- Citations
- Bibliography
- Further reading
- External links
Wahhabism is a Salafi revivalist movement within Sunni Islam named after the 18th-century Hanbali scholar Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. It was initially established in the central Arabian region of Najd and later spread to other parts of the Arabian Peninsula, and was the official policy of Saudi Arabia until 2022. Despite being founded on the principles of Sunni Islam, the Hanbalite scholars Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn al-Qayyim in particular, Wahhabism may also refer to doctrinal differences distinct from other forms of Sunni Islam. Non-Wahhabi Sunnis also have compared Wahhabism to the belief of the Kharijites and loyalist monarchism. In 2013, a report commissioned by the European Parliament identified Wahhabism as the main source of global terrorism.
The Wahhabi movement staunchly denounced rituals related to the veneration of Muslim saints and pilgrimages to their tombs and shrines, which were widespread amongst the people of Najd. Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab and his followers were highly inspired by the Hanbali scholar Ibn Taymiyya (1263–/AH 661–728) who advocated a return to the purity of the first three generations () to rid Muslims of (innovation) and regarded his works as core scholarly references in theology. While being influenced by Hanbali school, the movement repudiated taqlid to legal authorities, including oft-cited scholars such as Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim (/AH 751).