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World War II was a global conflict fought between 1939 and 1945 between two major coalitions—the Allies and the Axis powers—that involved nearly all countries in the world and resulted in 60 to 75 million deaths through combat, bombing, starvation, disease, and genocide. It matters because it was the deadliest conflict in human history and fundamentally reshaped the world's political order, leading to the occupation of defeated nations and the establishment of international accountability through war crimes trials.

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