Executed writers

Socrates (; ; – 399 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher from Classical Athens, perhaps the first Western moral philosopher, and a major inspiration on his student Plato, who largely founded the tradition of Western philosophy. An enigmatic figure, Socrates authored no texts and is known mainly through the posthumous accounts of classical writers, particularly his students Plato and Xenophon. These accounts are written as dialogues, in which Socrates and his interlocutors examine a subject in the style of question and answer; they gave rise to the Socratic dialogue literary genre. Contrad

Marcus Tullius Cicero ( , ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, orator, and writer who tried to uphold principles during the political crises of the Roman Republic that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. The extensive writings of Cicero include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy, and politics. He is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists and the innovator of what became known as "Ciceronian rhetoric". Cicero was educated in Rome and in Greece. He came from a wealthy municipal () family of the Roman

Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman and dramatist (c. 4 BCE–65 CE)

Italian Dominican friar, philosopher and mathematician (1548–1600)

Spanish poet, dramatist and prose writer (1898–1936)

English statesman, lawyer and philosopher (1478–1535)

Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, commonly known simply as Boethius (; Latin: Boetius; 480–524 AD), was a Roman senator, consul, magister officiorum, polymath, historian, and philosopher of the Early Middle Ages. He was a central figure in the translation of the Greek classics into Latin, a precursor to the Scholastic movement, and, along with Cassiodorus, one of the two leading Christian scholars of the 6th century. The local cult of Boethius in the Diocese of Pavia was sanctioned by the Sacred Congregation of Rites in 1883, confirming the diocese's custom of honouring him on the 23 October

Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath (1861–1896)

French playwright and political activist (1748–1793)

English statesman, soldier and writer (1552–1618)

Russian language journalist, playwright, literary translator, and short story writer (1894–1940)

French poet

Chilean teacher, theatre director, poet, singer-songwriter, and political activist (1932-1973)

German publisher, Nazi politician and convicted war criminal (1885-1946)

Irish republican, trade unionist and socialist revolutionary

Spanish politician and founder of Falange Española (1903–1936)

French journalist, politician and revolutionary (1760-1794)

Czech journalist and revolutionary (1903–1943)

Irish revolutionary, shot by the British Army in 1916

Russian poet (1886-1921)

Spanish politician (1892-1937)

French author and journalist (1909–1945)

French sociologist (1877-1945), died in Buchenwald concentration camp

Irish nationalist, poet, journalist and 1916 Easter Rising leader

Soviet writer (1894-1938)

Czech writer, film director, playwright and screenwriter (1891–1942)

French actor (1750-1794)

English Jesuit priest, martyr and saint

Spanish political theorist, journalist, and literary critic (1874–1936)

Bulgarian communist writer (1909-1942)

Soviet linguist and orientalist (1891–1938)

Azerbaijani poet (1892-1937)

execution of thirteen Soviet Jews

Georgian poet

German historian and journalist (1883–1934)

Crimean Tatar intellectual (1893–1937)

Croatian military commander and a writer

Japanese philosopher and right-wing activist

Polish writer (1901–1938)

Irish nationalist, poet, playwright and revolutionary (1878-1916)

alt=|thumb|Portrait of Nef'i of Erzurum (1572-1635), an Ottoman poet Nefʿī (نفعى) was the pen name (Ottoman Turkish: مخلص maḫlaṣ) of an Ottoman poet and satirist whose real name was ʿOmer (عمر) (c. 1572, in Hasankale, Erzurum – 1635, in Istanbul).

French philosopher and mathematician (1903–1944)

Russian playwright and writer (1884-1952)

Croatian Ustaše politician; writer, editor (1889-1945)

English Jesuit and poet (1561–1595)

Ukrainian poet (1896-1937)

Ukrainian writer, ethnographer, playwright, composer, musicologist, and bandurist

Croatian writer (1893–1941)

Soviet Yiddish poet and playwright

Soviet Yiddish poet (1900-1952)

Russian trade unionist (1882-1939)

Udmurt writer (1898–1937)

Croatian poet and writer (1913-1943)

Soviet Yiddish poet (1890-1952)

Russian poet, a member of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party

Iraqi educator and political activist (1937-1980)

Ukrainian writer

Kazakh poet, writer and politician

Latvian author, officer and journalist (1895-1941)

Spanish writer (1879–1936)