Also known as Antonio C.de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz, Antonio Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz
Portuguese politian and neurosurgeon (1874-1955)
António Egas Moniz was a Portuguese politician and neurosurgeon who lived from 1874 to 1955. He is historically significant as a pioneering figure in both politics and medicine, though his medical legacy remains controversial due to his development of the transorbital lobotomy procedure.
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António Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz GCSE GCIB (29 November 1874 – 13 December 1955), known as simply Egas Moniz, was a Portuguese neurologist and the developer of cerebral angiography. He is regarded as one of the founders of modern psychosurgery, having developed the surgical procedure leucotomy—better known today as lobotomy—for which he became the first Portuguese national to receive a Nobel Prize in 1949 (shared with Walter Rudolf Hess).
He held academic positions, wrote many medical articles and also served in several legislative and diplomatic posts in the Portuguese government. In 1911, he became professor of neurology in Lisbon until his retirement in 1944.
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