Structure via PubChem · Public domain (PubChem)
carnosine
Sign in to saveAlso known as β-alanyl-L-histidine, L-carnosine, L-Carnosine
Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide molecule, made up of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine. It is highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues. Carnosine was discovered by Russian chemist Vladimir Gulevich.
Chemical data
- Formula
- C9H14N4O3
- Molecular weight
- 226.23 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- (2S)-2-(3-azaniumylpropanoylamino)-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoate
- SMILES
- C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])NC(=O)CC[NH3+]
- InChIKey
- CQOVPNPJLQNMDC-ZETCQYMHSA-N
- XLogP
- -3.3
- Polar surface area
- 126 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 3
- H-bond acceptors
- 4
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Drug data · ChEMBL
- Max clinical phase
- Phase 3
- Molecule type
- Small molecule
- Indications
- peripheral arterial disease, persian gulf syndrome, schizophrenia
via ChEMBL · EBI
Research
3,552 papers- Physiology and pathophysiology of carnosine.Physiological reviews · 2013
- Carnosine and bone (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2023
- Carnosine and Diabetic Nephropathy.Current medicinal chemistry · 2020
- Carnosine in health and disease.European journal of sport science · 2019
- The role of Zinc L-Carnosine in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal mucosal disease in humans: a review.Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology · 2022
via PubMed
Wikidata facts
Show 7 more facts
- found in taxon
- Daphnia magna
- pKa
- 9.35
- Commons category
- Carnosine
- chemical formula
- C₉H₁₄N₄O₃
- isomeric SMILES
- C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCN
- canonical SMILES
- C1=C(NC=N1)CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCN
- solubility
- 323
via Wikidata · CC0
~4 min read
Encyclopedic overview
9 sectionsContents
- Biosynthesis
- Physiological effects
- pH buffer
- Anti-oxidant
- Antiglycating
- Geroprotective
- Other
- See also
- References
Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide molecule, made up of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine. It is highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues. Carnosine was discovered by Russian chemist Vladimir Gulevich.
Carnosine is naturally produced by the body in the liver from beta-alanine and histidine. Like carnitine, carnosine is composed of the root word carn, meaning "flesh", alluding to its prevalence in meat. There are no plant-based sources of carnosine. Carnosine is readily available as a synthetic nutritional supplement.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “carnosine” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.