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Cinchona

File:Cinchona.pubescens01.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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Cinchona

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Cinchona (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at least 23 species of trees and shrubs. All are native to the tropical Andean forests of western South America. A few species are reportedly naturalized in Central America, Jamaica, French Polynesia, Sulawesi, Saint Helena in the South Atlantic, and São Tomé and Príncipe off the coast of tropical Africa, and others have been cultivated in India and Java, where they have formed hybrids.

OverviewAI-generated

Cinchona is a genus of plants within the kingdom Plantae. It belongs to the phylum Tracheophyta, class Magnoliopsida, order Gentianales, and family Rubiaceae. The scientific name is Cinchona L., and it is commonly referred to as red cinchona.

The genus is native to Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panamá, Peru, and Venezuela. Specimens have also been recorded in Mexico, Guatemala, and the Philippines. Various institutions, including IBUNAM, ECON, GH, A, and SD, hold records of this plant.

Synthesized by Vinony from 26 facts across 7 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, PubMed, Gbif Occ, Plants of the World, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Species

Cinchona

GENUS

  1. KingdomPlantae
  2. PhylumTracheophyta
  3. ClassMagnoliopsida
  4. OrderGentianales
  5. FamilyRubiaceae
Native toBolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panamá, Peru, Venezuela
Observations recorded14,524

Quinquina Le genre Cinchona regroupe environ 23 espèces d'arbres ou d'arbustes de la famille des Rubiacées originaires d'Amérique du Sud ; certaines produisent de la quinine.

via GBIF · Kew POWO

Museum specimens

Specimen records
567
With media
357
Family
Rubiaceae
Collections
IBUNAM, ECON, GH, A, SD, NCSC
Recorded in
Mexico, Guatemala, Peru, Colombia, Philippines, Costa Rica, Malaysia, Indonesia
iDigBio →

Research

1,929 papers

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Instance of
taxon
Parent taxon
Cinchoneae
Image
Cinchona.pubescens01.jpg
Has use
medicinal plant
Show 11 more facts
taxon rank
genus
taxon name
Cinchona
Commons category
Cinchona
topic's main category
Category:Cinchona
GRIN URL
npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=2609
taxon common name
kininovec
has fruit type
capsule
different from
Kena
taxonomic type
Cinchona officinalis
this taxon is source of
quinine
described by source
New International Encyclopedia
Sources (6)

via Wikidata · CC0

~26 min read

Encyclopedic overview

24 sections
Contents
  • Etymology and common names
  • Description
  • History
  • Early references
  • Economic significance
  • Impacts on Indigenous Communities in the Amazon
  • Bioprospecting and Medicinal Plant Relationships
  • Bioprospecting Revenue for Conservation Initiatives
  • Usage of Indigenous Medicinal Plant Knowledge
  • Western Medicine and Indigenous Society
  • Ecology
  • Cultivation and use
  • Europe
  • Homeopathy
  • Widespread cultivation
  • Chemistry
  • Cinchona alkaloids
  • Other chemicals
  • Species
  • See also
  • Notes
  • References
  • External links
  • Articles

Cinchona (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at least 23 species of trees and shrubs. All are native to the tropical Andean forests of western South America. A few species are reportedly naturalized in Central America, Jamaica, French Polynesia, Sulawesi, Saint Helena in the South Atlantic, and São Tomé and Príncipe off the coast of tropical Africa, and others have been cultivated in India and Java, where they have formed hybrids.

Cinchona has been historically sought after for its medicinal value, as the bark of several species yields quinine and other alkaloids. Trees in the genus are also known as fever trees because of their antimalarial properties. These were the only effective treatments against malaria during the height of European colonialism, which made them of great economic and political importance. Europeans appropriated indigenous peoples' contributions to medicinal knowledge about cinchona, omitting them from scientific accounts. Mass production of quinine from cinchona funneled wealth to Europe and enforced colonial power dynamics in South America.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Cinchona” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

Gallery (22)

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via Wikidata sitelinks · CC0