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electron affinity
amount of energy released when an electron is attached to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form a negative ion
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The electron affinity (Eea) of an atom or molecule is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron attaches to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form an anion.
X(g) + e → X(g) + energy This differs by sign from the energy change of electron capture ionization. The electron affinity is positive when energy is released on electron capture.