电子

Key facts

Particle.spin

 ħ

Particle.name

Electron

Particle.image

Atomic-orbital-clouds spd m0.png

Particle.image_size

280px

Particle.caption

Hydrogen atomic orbitals at different energy levels. The more opaque areas are where one is most likely to find an electron at any given time.

Particle.composition

Elementary particle

Particle.statistics

Fermionic

Particle.group

Lepton

Particle.generation

First

Particle.interaction

Weak, electromagnetic, gravity

Particle.antiparticle

Positron

Particle.theorized

Richard Laming (1838–1851),G. Johnstone Stoney (1874) and others.

Particle.discovered

J. J. Thomson (1897)

Particle.symbol

,

Particle.mass

[]−1 Da

Particle.electric_charge

−

Particle.mean_lifetime

> (theoretically stable)

via Wikipedia infobox

• Electron Transfer Beyond the Outer Membrane: Putting Electrons to Rest.ReviewAnnual review of microbiology · 2023Gralnick JA, Bond DRDOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032221-023725
• Microbial electron uptake in microbial electrosynthesis: a mini-review.ReviewJournal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology · 2019Karthikeyan R, Singh R, Bose ADOI: 10.1007/s10295-019-02166-6
• Complex II ambiguities-FADH(2) in the electron transfer system.ReviewThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Gnaiger EDOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105470
• Energetics, electron uptake mechanisms and limitations of electroautotrophs growing on biocathodes - A review.ReviewBioresource technology · 2021Massazza D, Robledo AJ, Rodriguez Simón CN et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125893
• Molecular Mechanisms of Microbial Extracellular Electron Transfer: The Importance of Multiheme Cytochromes.ReviewFrontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) · 2022Paquete CM, Morgado L, Salgueiro CA et al.DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2706174
• Reductive electron transfer and transport of excess electrons in DNA.ReviewAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2003Wagenknecht HADOI: 10.1002/anie.200301629
• The electron's spin and molecular chirality - how are they related and how do they affect life processes?ReviewChemical Society reviews · 2016Michaeli K, Kantor-Uriel N, Naaman R et al.DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00369a
• Novel Outlook in Microbial Ecology: Nonmutualistic Interspecies Electron Transfer.ReviewTrends in microbiology · 2020Moscoviz R, Quéméner ED, Trably E et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.01.008

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Subclass of

primary metabolite

Named after

amber

Followed by

muon

Mass

0.000000000000000000000000000000910938356

Image

Single electron probability pattern.png

via Wikidata · CC0