genomics
Sign in to saveGenomics is an interdisciplinary field of molecular biology focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes as well as its hierarchical, three-dimensional structural configuration. In contrast to genetics, which refers to the study of individual genes and their roles in inheritance, genomics aims at the collective characterization and quantification of all of an organism's genes, their interrelations and influence on the organism. Genes may direct the production of proteins with the assis
AI overview
Genomics is the study of all the DNA in an organism—not just individual genes, but how they work together and influence the organism as a whole. This field matters because understanding the complete genetic blueprint and how genes interact helps scientists learn about disease, evolution, and potentially develop new treatments.
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Article
31 sectionsContents
- History
- Etymology
- Early sequencing efforts
- DNA-sequencing technology developed
- Complete genomes
- The "omics" revolution
- Genome analysis
- Sequencing
- Shotgun sequencing
- High-throughput sequencing
- Assembly
- Assembly approaches
- Finishing
- Annotation
- Sequencing pipelines and databases
- Research areas
- Functional genomics
- Structural genomics
- Epigenomics
- Metagenomics
- Model systems
- Viruses and bacteriophages
- Cyanobacteria
- Applications
- Genomic medicine
- Synthetic biology and bioengineering
- Population and conservation genomics
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
Genomics is an interdisciplinary field of molecular biology focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes as well as its hierarchical, three-dimensional structural configuration. In contrast to genetics, which refers to the study of individual genes and their roles in inheritance, genomics aims at the collective characterization and quantification of all of an organism's genes, their interrelations and influence on the organism. Genes may direct the production of proteins with the assistance of enzymes and messenger molecules. In turn, proteins make up body structures such as organs and tissues as well as control chemical reactions and carry signals between cells. Genomics also involves the sequencing and analysis of genomes through uses of high throughput DNA sequencing and bioinformatics to assemble and analyze the function and structure of entire genomes. Advances in genomics have triggered a revolution in discovery-based research and systems biology to facilitate understanding of even the most complex biological systems such as the brain.
The field also includes studies of intragenomic (within the genome) phenomena such as epistasis (effect of one gene on another), pleiotropy (one gene affecting more than one trait), heterosis (hybrid vigour), and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome.