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Group 12 refers to the vertical column of the periodic table containing zinc, cadmium, and mercury, which are metals used in batteries, electronics, and various industrial applications. These elements matter because they have unique chemical properties that make them valuable for modern technology, though some (like mercury) require careful handling due to their toxicity.
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group 11 ← → boron group
Group 12, by modern IUPAC numbering, is a group of chemical elements in the periodic table. It includes zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and copernicium (Cn). Formerly this group was named IIB (pronounced as "group two B", as the "II" is a Roman numeral) by CAS and old IUPAC system.