Also known as Al-Quds, Yerushalayim, J'lem, Aelia Capitolina
圣城
Jerusalem is an ancient city in the Judaean Mountains that holds deep religious significance for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Both Israel and Palestine claim it as their capital, though neither claim is widely recognized internationally, making it one of the world's most contested cities.
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thumb|right|300px|The Dome of the Rock
Located in the Judean Mountains between the Mediterranean Sea and the Dead Sea, Jerusalem is considered holy to the three major Abrahamic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It is the holiest city in Judaism and Christianity, having been the spiritual center of the Jewish people since the 10th century BCE, and the third-holiest in Islam. It has a history of nearly 4000 years, and has been fought over and conquered countless times in that period. While the city began to have a Jewish plurality in the late 19th century, today a wide range of national, religious, and socioeconomic groups are represented here. During the Jordanian occupation 1949-1967 all Jews in East Jerusalem were expelled and entry was barred for Israeli citizens of any faith and even today there tend to be more Muslims in east Jerusalem and more Jews in West Jerusalem.
The walled area of Jerusalem, which until the 1860s formed the entire city, is now called the Old City, and became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982. It consists of four ethnic and religious sections—the Armenian, Christian, Jewish, and Muslim Quarters. Barely one square kilometer, the Old City is home to Jerusalem's most important and contested religious sites - the Western Wall and Temple Mount for Jews, the Dome of the Rock and al-Aqsa Mosque for Muslims, and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre for Christians. thumb|right|300px|The Western Wall
Surrounding the Old City are more modern areas …
thumb|300px|Jerusalem Central Bus Station
thumb|300px|Jerusalem Light Rail Getting around Jerusalem used to be tricky, time-consuming, and frustrating as the terrain and age of the city left clogged roads unable to handle modern population numbers. The building of the light rail line has mitigated this but where the light rail doesn't go the going may still be slow.
Jerusalem has an amazing array of attractions for the traveler to see. The following are some of the must-sees. For more attractions see individual district articles.
thumb|Hezekiah's tunnel
Ramparts Walk - view the city from atop of the Old City walls. There are two different routes: the northern route starts from inside the old city by the Jaffa gate and circles the Christian quarter and the Muslim quarter. The southern route starts from outside the Jaffa gate and circles the Armenian quarter and the Jewish quarter. Western Wall Tunnels is a tour that is well worth your time. The guides there are well versed in the history of the wall and the explanation of the first two temples and the subsequent construction of the Dome of the Rock will create a great picture of the conflict between relevant cultures. Reservations are recommended, but individual walk-ins can sometimes be squeezed in. The City of David water tunnels tour is interesting. It is located down the road from the Dung Gate (near the Western Wall), follow the signs. The tour lasts around 2 hours and starts with a description of the City of David. It culminates in a 25 minute walk through the water channel cut to bring fresh water into Jerusalem from a nearby spring. Sandals and a torch are required! The water is ankle deep for most of the tour. Mahane Yehuda is the main outdoor market of West Jerusalem. Large, loud, and labyrinthine, the market boasts a huge number of stalls, generally open Sunday to Thursday 08:00-20:00, and F 08:00-15:00, closed Shabbat. Fresh produce, pastries, spices, salads abound. Definitely the place for a bargain and a unique insight into traditional I…
耶路撒冷(希伯来语:,拉丁化:Yerushaláyim;阿拉伯语:,拉丁化:al-Quds,漢譯:古都斯或古德斯,意為「神聖的」;唐朝時期的景教徒曾根據敘利亞語「Ūrišlem」譯作烏梨師斂),为巴勒斯坦地区的一座城市,以色列将其视为本国首都且實際控制全城,而联合国观察员巴勒斯坦国认为其东部为本国首都。耶路撒冷位於地中海和死海之间,是史前的全球宗教重镇,也是完整保留亚伯拉罕诸教信仰文明演进史的一个城市。耶路撒冷同时是亚伯拉罕诸教(或称「三大天启宗教」以及一神论)的聖地。自公元前10世纪,所罗门王建成第一圣殿起,耶路撒冷一直是犹太教信仰的中心和最神圣的城市,昔日圣殿的遗蹟西墙,仍是犹太教最神圣的所在。基督徒也相当重视耶路撒冷,因为根据《聖經》记载,耶稣在这里受难、埋葬、復活、升天。伊斯兰教亦将耶路撒冷列为麦加、麦地那之后的第三圣地,以纪念穆罕默德的夜行登霄,并在圣殿山上建造2座清真寺——阿克萨清真寺和圆顶清真寺来纪念这一事件。 自1967年第三次中东战争之后,以色列控制了全部的耶路撒冷地区,包括西耶路撒冷和东耶路撒冷,以及老城区。以色列和巴勒斯坦都聲稱耶路撒冷是他們的首都,因為以色列堅稱這裡是他們的信仰和千年之久的政府機構所在地,而巴勒斯坦則稱預見這座城市是他們的政權所在地。不過,這兩個聲稱在國際社會上都沒有得到廣泛的承認,该市的最终地位也被认为尚未确定,有待以色列和巴勒斯坦双方谈判决定,多数国家都将驻以色列大使馆设在特拉维夫。今天耶路撒冷仍然是以巴冲突的中心。以色列现行政区划上设耶路撒冷区,面积652平方公里,只有一个分区,即。 2017年,耶路撒冷市区面积为126平方公里,人口约900,000人,这两项指标均居以色列和巴勒斯坦各城市之首。 今天的耶路撒冷,是一个對比強烈的城市。不同文化、不同宗教、不同民族、社会不同阶层,同处一城;城市的东西两部分截然不同,发展水平悬殊。老城雅法门以西的西耶路撒冷(1967年以前属于以色列的市区)是现代以色列的核心地带(如果再继续向西数十公里,就是以特拉维夫为中心的「古什·但」區域),而老城及其东、北、南三面的东耶路撒冷(1967年后以色列占领的争议区域)则以阿拉伯人为主。最特别的地方是面积只有1平方公里,被一圈城墙所围绕的耶路撒冷老城,其中又分为4个宗教与种族聚居区:犹太区、基督徒区、亚美尼亚区和穆斯林区。耶路撒冷最重要的也引起重大争议的宗教圣地,均位于此处:犹太教的西墙和圣殿山、穆斯林的圆顶清真寺和阿克萨清真寺,以及基督徒的圣墓教堂和苦路。
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If shopping in the Old City's markets, where almost anything can be found, be prepared to haggle. You will find beautiful and unique gifts here including jewelry, bed covers, statues, and spices, as well as more touristy goods like T-shirts with memorably funny designs.
For Judaica, the Old City's Jewish Quarter, Mea Shearim (dress modestly), Ben Yehudah St, and Emek Refaim are good places to look.
The new city center, around the Ben Yehuda pedestrian mall, is a great place to buy things and just hang out.
The Mamilla pedestrian mall just outside Jaffa Gate is a picturesque place to walk, and has a good selection of upscale international clothing stores.
thumb|Kosher McDonalds in Jerusalem Jerusalem, being a multicultural city, has food from all countries, cultures and tastes. Besides the ubiquitous falafel stands, there is European, Ethiopian, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern food. There is also a large range of prices, from the ritzy Mamilla and Emek Refaim, to falafel stands surrounding Machaneh Yehuda and the Central Bus Station. A good rule of thumb is to look for restaurants filled with Hebrew or Arabic speaking locals. For falafel, the busiest place is probably the best, because falafel balls become less tasty the longer they are waiting out of the deep fryer.
If you keep kosher, Jerusalem is a wonderful place to visit. In the Jewish sections of the city almost everything is kosher. However you should still check for the kashrut certificate on the wall. If you don't see it and the staff cannot show it to you, it's a good sign to move along. The certificate is stamped בשרי ("basari", meat) or חלבי ("halavi", dairy). The current Jerusalem certificates are cream colored for normal certification, light purple for stricter certification ("mehuderet"), and marbled brown colored for strictest supervision ("mehadrin"). Certificates are valid for 6 or 12 months at a time (typically until Pesach or Rosh Hashana) with the expiration date prominently marked. Note it is not unusual for it to take a few days to get the new certificate up. In Haredi areas, the municipal kashrut certificate may be missing, but a certificate from a l…
Most of the nightclubs and bars are in West Jerusalem, mostly in the city center or Talpiyot district. Consult the district article for specifics.
If you are looking for alcohol stores, there is one right by the Jaffa gate and several on Jaffa Rd. One of the stores by the Generali building (located on the right side on Jaffa when you're facing the building) stocks a wide variety of different beers and also has great prices, lower than that of other stores.
The Old City has a diverse mix of small hotels, religious hospices and cheap hostels. The cheapest accommodation is found here.
West Jerusalem has a blend of B&Bs, guesthouses, small hotels and large hotels up to 5-star accommodation, including the famous King David Hotel, which is worth visiting for its architecture even if you don't stay there.
East Jerusalem contains a similar mix.
One of the three Arab bus stations near Damascus gate will serve the Palestinian city you want to go to next. If you are heading towards an Israeli city in the west, start at the CBS in West Jerusalem. See above.
Abu Gosh Bethlehem – The Biblical birthplace of Jesus and hometown of David, surrounded by Mar Saba Monastery and Herodium (Herodion) Park. Ramallah – Not so exciting, but a good starting point going further north in the West Bank. De facto seat of government of the Palestinian authority. Nablus – One of the oldest cities in the world and famous for its kunafa/knafeh. If you are on a tight schedule and planning to go to Ramallah, you might want to skip the latter for this more exciting Palestinian city. Jericho – One of the oldest settlements in the world and the Middle East, and a great starting point for Kalya Beach at the Dead Sea, which is famous in the region. Tel Aviv – A big and the most cosmopolitan city in Israel, well known for its club culture.
There are direct shared taxis to King Hussein "Allenby" Bridge for Jordan, for ₪38 plus ₪4 per luggage – pick up from Al-Souq Al-Tijaree "The commercial souq" not far away from the main bus station. Regarding visa regulation see Palestinian territories#Go next.
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