Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked country in Central Asia's mountainous eastern regions, bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and China, with its capital in Bishkek. The country's population of over 7.4 million is predominantly ethnic Kyrgyz, with notable Uzbek and Russian minorities.
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Annexed by Russia in 1876, Kyrgyzstan, formally the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz: Кыргыз Республикасы, Russian: Кыргызская Республика), became an independent nation in 1991. Long hobbled by political instability, Kyrgyzstan is now one of the most progressive post-Soviet countries.
thumb|375px|Map showing the visa requirements for Kyrgyzstan, with countries in dark blue or green having visa free travel, and countries in light blue having visa on arrival thumb|Entering Kyrgyzstan from Kazakhstan at the Korday border crossing, north of Bishkek
Citizens of all countries, including Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, may apply for tourism, business and group tourist types of visa for 30 or 90 days online through the Kyrgyz Republic eVisa system. Evisa holders must arrive via Manas International Airport, Osh International Airport or the Ak-jol checkpoint on the Kyrgyzstan-Kazakhstan border.
thumb|Monuments in an old rural cemetery combine Muslim crescents and Communist stars
thumb|300px|Holy Trinity Church, [[Karakol]] The capital Bishkek is buzzing with busy people, infinite traffic, bazaars, Soviet monuments, large plazas and a growing cosmopolitan population. The city of Osh boasts the famous bazaar, mosques and a distinct Soviet architecture. Issyk Kul in eastern Kyrgyzstan is surrounded by mountains, the world's second largest alpine lake and a popular summer destinations for guests from all surrounding countries. Tash Rabat, the ruins of an ancient caravansarai in the Naryn Region. Al-Archa National Park with mountain peaks of over 4,000 m is a half-hour drive from Bishkek. Arslanbob, nestled in a beautiful valley and famous for its walnut forest, balancing effortlessly between pastoral life and a popular destination with Kyrgyz and Uzbek families. Kyrgyzstan's only World Heritage Site is the Sulaiman-Too mountain in Osh.
Wander around Osh Bazaar – Traditional Eastern market in Bishkek selling everything from spices to dishwashers. Buy cheap Chinese goods in Dor Doi Bazaar – The largest market in Central Asia; it's mostly constructed out of empty shipping containers and 20 minutes north of Bishkek. Swim, sail and sunbathe in Issyk Kul – The world's second biggest high-altitude mountain lake. Stay in a yurt near Tash Rabat – Ruins of a Caravansarai in Naryn Oblast. Live like a nomad in Song Kul – High altitude mountain lake less visited than Issyk Kul and ideal for seeing traditional semi-nomadic Kyrgyz life in action. Fishing is popular with locals and if you are into it, there are many rivers where it is possible and successful. Heli-skiing – Try Eurosolutions, or look for other operators.
吉尔吉斯共和国(吉爾吉斯語:Кыргыз Республикасы,Kyrgyz Respublikasy;俄語:Киргизская Республика,Kirgizskaya Respublika),通稱吉尔吉斯斯坦(Кыргызстан,Kyrgyzstan;俄語:Киргизия,Kirgiziya),是一個位於中亞的內陸國家。吉尔吉斯斯坦北边与哈薩克斯坦相接,西边则为烏茲別克斯坦,西南为塔吉克斯坦,东边紧邻中國。比什凱克是吉尔吉斯斯坦的首都和最大城市。 作为中亚古国,吉尔吉斯斯坦历史达两千年,经历各种王朝与文化。因其被山峦环绕而相对孤立,吉尔吉斯文化得以较好传承;又因地理位置,吉尔吉斯斯坦处于多个文化交汇点。尽管众多部落族群在吉尔吉斯斯坦居住已久,但时有外来势力入侵统治。直至1991年從原蘇聯獨立后,吉尔吉斯斯坦成为一个拥有独立主权的民族国家。政治体制为单一制和议会制。吉尔吉斯斯坦至今仍时有民族冲突、叛乱以及经济问题。现为独联体、欧亚经济联盟和集体安全条约组织成员国;同时也是上海合作組織、伊斯兰合作组织、突厥议会和突厥文化国际组织成员国。 吉尔吉斯人口570萬。主體民族為吉爾吉斯族(中國境內吉爾吉斯族稱柯爾克孜族),其余为乌兹别克族和俄罗斯族等民族。吉尔吉斯语为国语,而在一世纪的俄罗斯化政策影响下俄语仍使用较广而作为官方语言。64%人口为无宗派穆斯林。除突厥文化外,吉尔吉斯文化还容纳和受到了蒙古、波斯和俄罗斯文化的影响。
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thumb|The flat naan, bread, a staple food in the region thumb|300px|A local dish in [[Karakol]] Kyrgyz food is the product of a long history of pastoral nomadism and is overwhelmingly meat-based, which means that virtually all of the traditional dishes contain meat. If you are vegetarian you can, however, ask for vegetarian food and in many cases will receive a tasty vegetarian meal without much hassle, or you can purchase your own fresh fruit, vegetables and fresh bread from one of the many small stands or food bazaars that are ubiquitous in every city. While some people from the West think of large vegetables as desirable, small and flavourful is the rule. The same approach is valid for pistachios and almonds as well. Washing vegetables before consumption is recommended.
Besh barmak (literally: five fingers, because the dish is eaten with one's hands) is the national soupy dish of Kyrgyzstan (Kazakhs would probably disagree). For preparation, a sheep or horse is slaughtered and boiled in a large pot. The resulting broth is served as a first course. The meat is then divided up between those at the table. Each person in attendance receives the piece of meat appropriate to their social status. The head and eyes are reserved for guests of honour. The remaining meat is mixed in with noodles and, sometimes with onions, and is traditionally eaten from a large common dish with the hands, although nowadays more often with a fork or spoon. If you can land an invitation to a wedding,…
thumb|Laghman, salad, and green tea, a simple café meal
Drinking is one of the great Kyrgyz social traditions. No matter if you are served tea, kymys, or vodka, if you have been invited to a Kyrgyz person's table to drink, you have been shown warm and friendly hospitality. Plan to sit awhile and drink your fill as you and your host attempt to learn about each other.
thumb|300px|A nicer guesthouse Many private citizens rent out their flats to foreigners and a fairly luxurious flat could be agreed for quite low price a week. Noting that the average salary is US$200-300 in 2014, now it could twice as big, you may think you are paying excessively. Look for cable TV, toilet and bath and clean quarters. More adventurous visitors may wish to stay in a "yurta," for example in Bishkek it costs from US$8 a night in "yurtadorm". It is not that special to stay in a yurt in Bishkek, but it can be more interesting to do so in more rural areas. These are boiled wool tents used by nomads. Some tourist agencies in Bishkek will arrange this sort of stay, but be prepared to truly live the lifestyle of the nomad which includes culinary delicacies which may seem foreign to the western palette.
For those wishing to have home stays arranged in advance there with the Community Based Tourism (CBT). They can organize home stays in most cities and villages in Kyrgyzstan. They can also arrange yurt stays and trekking. While many such organizations keep the majority of payment for themselves, CBT Kyrgyzstan claims that 80–90% of payment will go to your host family. Amenities will vary between homes and locals, but overall some great travel experiences can be had such as, being invited to an impromptu goat feast, or enjoying fermented mare's milk with nomads.
Camping is possible virtually everywhere and anywhere. Just make sure to stay away far enough from any sett…
thumb|300px|National Horse Games, Lenin Peak Kyrgyzstan is in general a safe country for tourists. However, petty street crime, such as pickpocketing or muggings, has increased over the past decade as of 2022, especially at night. It is recommended that you do not walk around at night alone, especially in downtown areas of Bishkek.
Fights and assaults generally only focus around nightclubs and bars, just as in any other large city. There is to date no indication that Bishkek is particularly dangerous to foreigners. As for other cities in the Kyrgyz Republic, there is little evidence.
Corruption is a serious issue in Kyrgyzstan, and the locals are ultimately convinced that the police are not to be trusted. In the past there have been occasional reports of corrupt policemen searching tourists' bags in order to steal money. These incidents should be reported to the embassy. Since citizens of many countries do not need a visa anymore, tourists cannot legally be bothered by corrupt policemen stating that something is wrong with their visa or registration.
Bride kidnappings, or Ala Kachuu, are a common and traditional practice in Kyrgyzstan's countryside, whereby a woman is kidnapped and forced to get married. In 2007, the American Embassy reported that two American women were bride kidnapped in remote areas of Kyrgyzstan.
The political situation can deteriorate from time to time with mass protests and even stand-off with weapons by former presidents. It is best to be up to dat…
thumb|A village drug store in [[Tamchy]] Your biggest risk in Kyrgyzstan are car wrecks and accidents while crossing the street, or falling into a hole in the sidewalk.
You should also exercise caution around stray animals and avoid approaching dogs. If dogs get too close, (pretend to) pick up a rock—most will understand this gesture and shy away. Please read the general article on Aggressive dogs how to handle situations correctly.
Healthcare in Kyrgyzstan is generally of low quality, and treatment is not up to Western standards even at private clinics. Kyrgyz people who can afford it will seek treatment in Russia (or in Western Europe), rather than Kyrgyzstan, for most procedures. If you need treatment, your best chance is to evacuate to a larger country with better facilities and medical staff. It is highly recommended that you obtain travel insurance that covers medical costs and the costs of emergency evacuation before traveling to Kyrgyzstan.
Food and drinking water safety vary substantially by region. Water is mostly potable, especially in the mountains where it comes from clean rivers—just ask the locals.
Note that in some villages they don't have electricity all the day. Therefore restaurants there might serve you quick-heated, pre-cooked meals or the meat was not stored in a fridge before it was prepared. The latter can cause food poisoning or parasite-borne illnesses because they don't always cook the meat long enough. Therefore try to eat only meal…
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