meldonium

Also known as Mildronate, 3-(2,2,2-Trimethyldiazaniumyl)propanoate, 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-1,1,1-trimethyldiazanium, 3-(2,2,2-Trimethylhydrazine)propionate

Key facts

Drug.IUPAC_name: 2-(2-Carboxylato-ethyl)-1,1,1-trimethylhydrazinium
Drug.image: Meldonium.svg
Drug.image_class: skin-invert-image
Drug.image2: Meldonium-from-xtal-3D-bs-17.png
Drug.image_class2: bg-transparent
Drug.tradename: Mildronate, Mildronāts
Drug.legal_US: Unscheduled
Drug.CAS_number: 76144-81-5
Drug.ATC_prefix: C01
Drug.ATC_suffix: EB22
Drug.PubChem: 123868
Drug.ChemSpiderID: 110405
Drug.UNII

~19 min read

Article

14 sections

Contents

Medical uses
Available forms
Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
Biochemistry
Chemistry
Society and culture
Doping
Affected athletes
Debates
Approval status
Economics
See also
References

Meldonium (INN; trade name Mildronate, among others) is a pharmaceutical developed in 1970 by Ivars Kalviņš at the USSR Latvia Institute of Organic Synthesis. It is now manufactured by the Latvian pharmaceutical company Grindeks and various generic producers. Primarily distributed in Eastern Europe, meldonium is used as an anti-ischemia medication.

Meldonium is prescribed for cardiovascular, neurological, and metabolic conditions due to its anti-ischaemic and cardioprotective effects, achieved by inhibiting β-oxidation and activating glycolysis. Athletes have used meldonium to enhance recovery and (controversially) performance, though these claims lack robust scientific support.