melanoma

Also known as malignant melanoma, naevocarcinom, naevocarcinoma

AI overview

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In the Vinony graph

Within Vinony's link graph, melanoma is referenced by 1,758 other articles, and connects out to blue nevus, congenital melanocytic nevus and pyrimidine dimers.

Vinony files it under Medical mnemonics, Melanoma and Skin cancer.

Its subject is documented across 74 Wikipedia language editions.

Key facts

Medical condition.name: Melanoma
Medical condition.synonyms: Malignant melanoma
Medical condition.image: Melanoma.jpg
Medical condition.alt: A back irregular Tumor by
Medical condition.field: Oncology and dermatology
Medical condition.symptoms: Mole that is increasing in size, has irregular edges, change in color, itchiness, or skin breakdown.
Medical condition.causes: Ultraviolet light (Sun, tanning devices)
Medical condition.risks: Family history, many moles, poor immune function
Medical condition.diagnosis: Tissue biopsy
Medical condition.differential: Seborrheic keratosis, lentigo, blue nevus, dermatofibroma
Medical condition.prevention: Sunscreen, avoiding UV light
Medical condition.treatment: Surgery
Medical condition.prognosis: Five-year survival rates 100% (localized), 35% (disseminated) in the US (2015–2021)
Medical condition.frequency: 3.1 million (2015)
Medical condition.deaths: 59,800 (2015)

via Wikipedia infobox

Research

182,708 papers

Histopathologic classification and prognostic factors of melanoma: a 2021 update.ReviewItalian journal of dermatology and venereology · 2021Bobos MDOI: 10.23736/S2784-8671.21.06958-3
The 2018 World Health Organization Classification of Cutaneous, Mucosal, and Uveal Melanoma: Detailed Analysis of 9 Distinct Subtypes Defined by Their Evolutionary Pathway.ReviewArchives of pathology & laboratory medicine · 2020Elder DE, Bastian BC, Cree IA et al.DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2019-0561-RA
Immunotherapy in Acral and Mucosal Melanoma: Current Status and Future Directions.ReviewFrontiers in immunology · 2021Mao L, Qi Z, Zhang L et al.DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680407
Global trends in melanoma burden: A comprehensive analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study, 1990-2021.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2025Sun Y, Shen Y, Liu Q et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.09.035
Braf(V600E) cooperates with Pten loss to induce metastatic melanoma.Nature genetics · 2009Dankort D, Curley DP, Cartlidge RA et al.DOI: 10.1038/ng.356
Melanoma in Special Populations: Pediatrics, Elders, Pregnant Women.ReviewThe Surgical clinics of North America · 2025Dedeilia A, Braun T, Boland GMDOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2024.12.003
Decoding melanoma's cellular mosaic to unlock immunotherapy potential.ReviewTrends in cell biology · 2025Pozniak J, Marine JCDOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2025.01.009
Radiation Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma.ReviewDermatologic clinics · 2025DeBusk L, Rosenberg A, Burshtein J et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2025.03.013

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Image: Histopathology of Malignant melanoma.jpg

Show 4 more facts

ICPC 2 ID: S77
Commons category: Melanoma
NCI Thesaurus ID: C3224
exact match: purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002861

Sources (4)

via Wikidata · CC0

~62 min read

Encyclopedic overview

43 sections

Contents

Signs and symptoms
Cause
UV radiation
Genetics
Pathophysiology
Gene mutations
Metastasis
Diagnosis
Ugly duckling
Biopsy
Histopathologic types
In situ or invasive
Staging
Laboratory
Prevention
Ultraviolet radiation
Sunscreen
Medications
Treatment
Surgery
Add on treatment
Chemotherapy
Targeted therapy
Immunotherapy
Lentigo maligna
Radiation
Prognosis
Epidemiology
Australia
United States
History
Terminology
Research
Targeted therapies
BRAF inhibitors
Ipilimumab
Surveillance methods
Oncolytic virotherapy
Antivirals
MicroRNAs
Notes
References
External links

Melanoma is a type of cancer, typically skin cancer; it develops from the melanin-producing cells known as melanocytes. It typically occurs in the skin, but may rarely occur in the mouth, intestines, or eye (uveal melanoma). In very rare cases melanoma can also happen in the lung, which is known as primary pulmonary melanoma and only happens in 0.01% of primary lung tumors.

In females, melanomas most commonly occur on the legs; while in men, on the back. Melanoma is frequently referred to as malignant melanoma. However, the medical community stresses that there is no such thing as a 'benign melanoma' and recommends that the term 'malignant melanoma' should be avoided as it is redundant.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “melanoma” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.