File:Methylphenidate.svg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
Also known as RIT124, methyl alpha-phenyl-alpha-2-piperidinylacetate, alpha-phenyl-2-piperidineacetic acid methyl ester, methyl phenidylacetate, methylphenidan, methyl alpha-phenyl-alpha-(2-piperidyl)acetate, α-phenyl-2-piperidineacetic acid methyl ester, methyl α-phenyl-α-(2-piperidyl)acetate
一種中樞神經興奮劑
OverviewAI-generated
Methylphenidate is a chemical compound with the formula C₁₄H₁₉NO₂. It was discovered in 1944. The substance has a melting point of 74.5 and a boiling point of 136. Its mass is listed as 233.141579, while its weight is recorded as 233.31. The defined daily dose is 30.
The IUPAC name for this compound is methyl 2-phenyl-2-piperidin-2-ylacetate. It possesses a charge of 0, an xlogp of 0.2, and a tpsa of 38.3. The molecule contains one hydrogen bond donor and three hydrogen bond acceptors. It is referenced by 2,563 other encyclopedia articles.
Synthesized by Vinony from 22 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, PubChem, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Key facts
- Drug.Watchedfields
- changed
- Drug.verifiedrevid
- 464371569
- Drug.image
- Methylphenidate.svg
- Drug.image_class
- skin-invert-image
- Drug.width
- 200px
- Drug.imageL
- D-threo-Methylphenidate-3D-Ball-And-Stick-Model.png
- Drug.image_classL
- bg-transparent
- Drug.widthL
- 125px
- Drug.imageR
- L-threo-Methylphenidate-3D-Ball-And-Stick-Model.png
- Drug.image_classR
- bg-transparent
- Drug.widthR
- 125px
- Drug.tradename
- Ritalin, Concerta, others
- Drug.MedlinePlus
- a682188
- Drug.DailyMedID
- Methylphenidate
- Drug.pregnancy_AU
- D
- Drug.dependency_liability
- Physical: NonePsychological: Moderate
- Drug.addiction_liability
- Moderate
- Drug.routes_of_administration
- Medical: Oral, transdermalRecreational: Oral, insufflation, sublingual, rectal, intravenous
via Wikipedia infobox
Chemical data
- Formula
- C14H19NO2
- Molecular weight
- 233.31 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- methyl 2-phenyl-2-piperidin-2-ylacetate
- SMILES
- COC(=O)C(C1CCCCN1)C2=CC=CC=C2
- InChIKey
- DUGOZIWVEXMGBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- XLogP
- 0.2
- Polar surface area
- 38.3 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 1
- H-bond acceptors
- 3
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Drug data · ChEMBL
- Max clinical phase
- Approved
- Molecule type
- Small molecule
- First approval
- 1955
- Admin. routes
- oral, topical
- Indications
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, methamphetamine dependence, brain neoplasm, eating disorder
via ChEMBL · EBI
Research
11,000 papers- An update on the clinical pharmacology of methylphenidate: therapeutic efficacy, abuse potential and future considerations.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2020
- Pharmacokinetics and clinical effectiveness of methylphenidate.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 1999
- [Methylphenidate].Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine · 2015
- [Methylphenidate misuse].Praxis · 2012
- Age-dependent effects of cumulative methylphenidate exposure on brain structure and symptom amelioration in youth with ADHD: A longitudinal MRI study.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2025
via PubMed
Wikidata facts
- Has part
- nitrogen
- Mass
- 233.141579
- Has use
- medication
Show 16 more facts
- time of discovery or invention
- 1944-01-01
- route of administration
- transdermal administration
- chemical formula
- C₁₄H₁₉NO₂
- topic's main category
- Category:Methylphenidate
- Commons category
- Methylphenidate
- World Health Organisation international non-proprietary name
- methylphenidate
- medical condition treated
- hypersomnia
- canonical SMILES
- COC(=O)C(C1CCCCN1)C2=CC=CC=C2
- defined daily dose
- 30
- subject has role
- nootropic
- MCN code
- 2933.33.71
- different from
- ethylphenidate
- legal status (medicine)
- boxed warning
- native label
- methylphenidatum
- boiling point
- 136
- melting point
- 74.5
Sources (9)
via Wikidata · CC0
Article · 中文
派醋甲酯（英文：Methylphenidate），最常見使用此物質的商品名為利他林（英語：Ritalin），是一種中樞神經系統興奮劑。其結構和藥理與安非他命、可卡因相似,能改善使用者的情緒和專注力，被應用於注意力不足過動症（ADHD）、嗜睡症、躁鬱症和憂鬱症的治療。 派醋甲酯的化學最簡式為C14H19NO2•HCl。 Methylphenidate hydrochloride USP 是一種白色、無味的結晶體。派醋甲酯的水溶液介於酸性於鹼性之間。派醋甲酯能在純水及甲醇中完全溶解；在乙醇中部分溶解；些微溶解於氯仿和丙酮中。Methylphenidate hydrochloride USP的分子量為269.77。 派醋甲酯在1948年由（後被諾華公司收購）研制，被用於治療注意力不足過動症而在1955年獲得FDA的銷售許可，並在之後的幾十年内成為醫治該症的臨床第一線藥物。 派醋甲酯用於醫療始於1960年。自1990年代起，大眾逐漸接受ADHD的診斷，於是此藥物的處方日益增加。在2007-2012年間，英國的派醋甲酯處方增加了50%。在2013年，全球的派醋甲酯銷售量增加至24億劑，與前一年同比上升66%。美國的消費量占全球的80%以上。 注意力不足過動症的病因可能與多巴胺、去甲腎上腺素和穀氨酸有關。這些物質决定了大腦的自我約束功能，並影響個人的注意力、控制力、行為、動機和執行能力。派醋甲酯的作用便是抑制去甲腎上腺素和多巴胺的再回收，使這些神經傳遞物質的濃度和强度大幅提高。派醋甲酯和古柯鹼在結構和藥理上有相似之處，但派醋甲酯的效力低於後者，藥效長於後者。派醋甲酯也是一種較弱的受體興奮劑。 這一藥品在全球範圍内基本都受到不同程度的管制。 整體而言，派醋甲酯與同為中樞神經興奮劑的安非他命結構上相似，但派醋甲酯和安非他命不同，不容易造成成癮。
Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA