Also known as microsomes
In cell biology, microsomes are heterogeneous vesicle-like artifacts (~20-200 nm diameter) re-formed from pieces of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) when eukaryotic cells are broken-up in the laboratory; microsomes are not present in healthy, living cells.
Research
90,214 papers- Microsome-associated lumenal lipid droplets in the regulation of lipoprotein secretion.Current opinion in lipidology · 2013
- ER Microsome Preparation in Arabidopsis thaliana.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2018
- Anti-liver-kidney microsome antibody is a marker for the rat hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 1987
- Microsome composition-based model as a mechanistic tool to predict nonspecific binding of drugs in liver microsomes.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2011
- Microsome-mediated oxidation of N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA), a bident carcinogen.Chemical research in toxicology · 2002
via PubMed
Article · 中文
微粒體(英語:Microsome)在細胞生物學中定義為從內質網的碎片所得到的小型囊泡。必須將肝臟或其他組織磨碎(均質化)之後,才能得到微粒體。微粒體含有細胞色素P450(CYP)酶,與氧化代謝有關。 微粒體能夠在不同的離心速度之下,從其他的細胞胞器區隔出來、濃縮並分離。未破碎的細胞、細胞核與粒線體在一萬g點的離心速度可以被沉澱並分離出來,而P450及其他可溶性酵素與內質網碎片,保留在溶液中(g值代表地球的重力加速度)。在更快速的十萬g值離心旋轉之下,內質網會沉澱成粒狀或塊狀,而可溶性酵素則保留在表層懸浮液中。依照這個方式,微粒體中的细胞色素P450可以被濃縮並分離。由於P450中的輔助因子血基質含有鐵元素,微粒體呈現紅褐色。P450在老鼠和人類肝臟中的含量相當豐富。 微粒体是细胞被匀浆破碎时,内膜系统的膜结构破裂后自己重新封闭起来的小囊泡(主要是内质网和高尔基体),这些小囊泡的直径大約在100 nm左右,是异质性的集合体,将它们称为微粒体。多数情况下,在体外实验中,具有蛋白质合成、蛋白质糖基化和脂类合成等内質網的基本功能。
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