motilin

Motilin is a 22-amino acid polypeptide hormone in the motilin family that, in humans, is encoded by the MLN gene.

Key facts

Protein family.Symbol: Motilin_ghrelin
Protein family.Name: Motilin/ghrelin
Protein family.image: PDB 1lbj EBI (cropped).jpg
Protein family.caption: Structure of motilin in isotropic phospholipid bicellar solution.
Protein family.Pfam: PF04644
Protein family.InterPro: IPR006738
Protein family.SCOP: 1lbj
Protein family.OPM family: 145
Protein family.OPM protein: 1lbj
Protein.Name: Motilin
Protein.image: Motilin_Image.png
Protein.caption: NMR solution structure of motilin in phospholipid bicellar solution.
Protein.Symbol: MLN
Protein.HGNCid: 7141
Protein.Chromosome: 6
Protein.Arm: p
Protein.Band: 21
Protein.LocusSupplementaryData: .3-p21.2

via Wikipedia infobox

Chemical data

Formula: C120H188N34O35S
Molecular weight: 2699.1 g/mol
IUPAC name: (2S)-5-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
SMILES: CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@@H]3CCCN3C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC4=CC=CC=C4)N
InChIKey: LVRVABPNVHYXRT-BQWXUCBYSA-N
XLogP: -14.7
Polar surface area: 1200 Å²
H-bond donors: 37
H-bond acceptors: 41
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

2,360 papers

Motilin--an update.Life sciences · 1984
Motilin Comparative Study: Structure, Distribution, Receptors, and Gastrointestinal Motility.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021
Motilin: from gastric motility stimulation to hunger signalling.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2019
Motilin.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2008
Motilin: a panoply of communications between the gut, brain, and pancreas.Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2020

via PubMed

~7 min read

Encyclopedic overview

9 sections

Contents

Discovery
Structure
Stimulus
Function
Motilin agonists
Related peptides
Human proteins
References
External links

Motilin is a 22-amino acid polypeptide hormone in the motilin family that, in humans, is encoded by the MLN gene.

Motilin is secreted by endocrine Mo cells (also referred to as M cells, which are not the same as the M cells, or microfold cells, found in Peyer's patches) that are numerous in crypts of the small intestine, especially in the duodenum and jejunum. It is released into the general circulation in humans at about 100-min intervals during the inter-digestive state and is the most important factor in controlling the inter-digestive migrating contractions; and it also stimulates endogenous release of the endocrine pancreas. Based on amino acid sequence, motilin is unrelated to other hormones. Because of its ability to stimulate gastric activity, it was named "motilin." Apart from in humans, the motilin receptor has been identified in the gastrointestinal tracts of pigs, rats, cows, and cats, and in the central nervous system of rabbits.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “motilin” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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