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Salyut 1
Sign in to savefirst space station launched by the Soviet Union
Key facts
- Cospar id
- 1971-032A
- Satcat number span no
- 05160
- Call sign
- Salyut 1
- Launch
- April 19, 1971, 01:40:00 ( 1971-04-19UTC01:40 ) UTC
- Carrier rocket
- Proton-K No. 254-01
- Launch pad
- Baikonur , Site 81/24
- Reentry
- October 11, 1971 ( 1971-10-12 )
- Mission status
- De-orbited
- Mass
- 18,425 kg (40,620 lb)
- Length
- ~20 m (66 ft)
- Diameter
- ~4 m (13 ft)
- Pressurized volume
- 99 m (3,500 cu ft)
- Perigee altitude
- 200 km (124 mi; 108 nmi)
- Apogee altitude
- 222 km (138 mi; 120 nmi)
- Orbital inclination
- 51.6°
- Orbital period
- 88.5 minutes
- Days in orbit
- 175 days
- Days occupied
- 24 days
via Wikipedia infobox
~12 min read
Encyclopedic overview
Salyut 1 (Russian: Салют-1, lit. 'Salute 1'), also known as DOS-1 (Durable Orbital Station 1), was the world's first space station. It was launched into low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on April 19, 1971. The Salyut program subsequently achieved five more successful launches of seven additional stations. The program's final module, Zvezda (DOS-8), became the core of the Russian Orbital Segment of the International Space Station and remains in orbit today.
Salyut 1 was adapted from an Almaz airframe and comprised five components: a transfer compartment, a main compartment, two auxiliary compartments, and the Orion 1 Space Observatory. It was visited by the Soyuz 10 and Soyuz 11 missions. While the crew of Soyuz 10 was able to soft dock, the hard-docking failed, forcing the crew to abort their mission. The Soyuz 11 crew successfully docked, spending 23 days aboard Salyut 1 conducting experiments. The Soyuz 11 crew died of asphyxia caused by a valve failure just before reentry, making them the only humans to have died above the Kármán line.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Salyut 1” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.