selenoprotein
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In molecular biology, a selenoprotein is any protein that includes a selenocysteine (Sec, U, Se-Cys) amino acid residue. Among functionally characterized selenoproteins are five glutathione peroxidases (GPX) and three thioredoxin reductases, (TrxR/TXNRD) which both contain only one Sec. Selenoprotein P is the most common selenoprotein found in the plasma. It is unusual because in humans it contains 10 Sec residues, which are split into two domains, a longer N-terminal domain that contains 1 Sec, and a shorter C-terminal domain that contains 9 Sec. The longer N-terminal domain is likely an enzy
Research
28,332 papers- Selenoprotein S: A versatile disordered protein.Archives of biochemistry and biophysics · 2022
- Selenoprotein S maintains intestinal homeostasis in ulcerative colitis by inhibiting necroptosis of colonic epithelial cells through modulation of macrophage polarization.Theranostics · 2024
- Selenoprotein K at the intersection of cellular pathways.Archives of biochemistry and biophysics · 2025
- Update on selenoprotein biosynthesis.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2015
- Selenoprotein K and protein palmitoylation.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2015
via PubMed
~17 min read
Article
22 sectionsContents
- Species distribution
- Production
- Replacement by cysteine in mammals
- Non-UAG (CUA) tRNA
- Redox activity
- Major families
- Glutathione peroxidase
- Thioredoxin reductase
- Iodothyronine deiodinase
- Selenophosphate synthetase
- SelT, SelW, SelH, and Rdx12
- Other families
- Clinical significance
- Related systems
- Other types of selenium in proteins
- Ligand selanoproteins
- Random selenomethionine
- Random selenocystine
- Non-protein biomolecules
- See also
- References
- Further reading
In molecular biology, a selenoprotein is any protein that includes a selenocysteine (Sec, U, Se-Cys) amino acid residue. Among functionally characterized selenoproteins are five glutathione peroxidases (GPX) and three thioredoxin reductases, (TrxR/TXNRD) which both contain only one Sec. Selenoprotein P is the most common selenoprotein found in the plasma. It is unusual because in humans it contains 10 Sec residues, which are split into two domains, a longer N-terminal domain that contains 1 Sec, and a shorter C-terminal domain that contains 9 Sec. The longer N-terminal domain is likely an enzymatic domain, and the shorter C-terminal domain is likely a means of safely transporting the very reactive selenium atom throughout the body.
== Species distribution ==