Sumer
Sign in to saveSumer ( ) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the 5th and 4th millennium BC. Like nearby Elam, it is one of the cradles of civilization, along with Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian farmers grew an abundance of grain and other crops, a surplus of which enabled them to form urban settlements. The world's earliest k
AI overview
Sumer was the earliest known civilization, located in southern Mesopotamia (modern-day south-central Iraq), that emerged between the 5th and 4th millennium BC in the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. It matters because it stands as one of humanity's original cradles of civilization, where agricultural surplus from grain farming enabled the development of the world's first urban settlements.
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Key facts
- Archaeological culture.name
- Sumer( – )
- Archaeological culture.map
- 300px
- Archaeological culture.mapcaption
- The general location on a modern map, and main cities of Sumer with ancient coastline. The coastline nearly reached Ur in ancient times.
- Archaeological culture.religion
- Sumerian religion
- Archaeological culture.language
- Sumerian
- Archaeological culture.region
- Mesopotamia, Near East, Middle East
- Archaeological culture.period
- Chalcolithic, Bronze Age
- Archaeological culture.precededby
- Ubaid period
- Archaeological culture.followedby
- Akkadian Empire
via Wikipedia infobox
Article
40 sectionsContents
- Name
- Origins
- Archeological discovery
- City-states in Mesopotamia
- History
- Ubaid period
- Uruk period
- Early Dynastic Period
- 1st Dynasty of Lagash
- Akkadian Empire
- Gutian period
- 2nd Dynasty of Lagash
- Ur III period
- Fall and transmission
- Population
- Culture
- Social and family life
- Language and writing
- Religion
- Deities
- Cosmology
- Temple and temple organisation
- Funerary practices
- Agriculture and hunting
- Art
- Architecture
- Mathematics
- Economy and trade
- Trade with the Indus valley
- Money and credit
- Military
- Technology
- Sumerian genetics
- Legacy
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
- Geography
- Language
Sumer ( ) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the 5th and 4th millennium BC. Like nearby Elam, it is one of the cradles of civilization, along with Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian farmers grew an abundance of grain and other crops, a surplus of which enabled them to form urban settlements. The world's earliest known texts come from the Sumerian cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr, and date to between , following a period of proto-writing .
==Name== The term "Sumer" () comes from the Akkadian name for the "Sumerians", the ancient non-Semitic-speaking inhabitants of southern Mesopotamia. In their inscriptions, the Sumerians called their land "Kengir", the "Country of the noble lords" (), and their language "Emegir" ( or ).
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Categories
Archaeology of IraqBronze Age civilizationsLevantLists of coordinatesPopulated places established in the 6th millennium BCStates and territories disestablished in the 20th century BCStates and territories established in the 3rd millennium BCStates and territories established in the 4th millennium BCSumer