William Crookes
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William Crookes was a British chemist and physicist who lived from 1832 to 1919 and made important contributions to science during the Victorian era. His work helped advance our understanding of chemistry and physics, though the specific details of his major discoveries and their significance are not provided here.
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- Born
- 1832-06-17
- Died
- 1919-04-04
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Sir William Crookes (/krʊks/; 17 June 1832 – 4 April 1919) was an English chemist and physicist who attended the Royal College of Chemistry, now part of Imperial College London, and worked on spectroscopy. He was a pioneer of vacuum tubes, inventing the Crookes tube, which was made in 1875. Observing cathode rays generated in these tubes, Crookes posited that "radiant matter" was a unique fourth state of matter, a foundational contribution to plasma physics.
He is credited with discovering the element thallium, announced in 1861, with the help of spectroscopy. He was also the first to describe the spectrum of terrestrial helium, in 1865. Crookes was the inventor of the Crookes radiometer, but did not discern the true explanation of the phenomenon he detected.
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1832 births1919 deaths19th-century British chemists19th-century British physicists19th-century English people20th-century British chemists20th-century English chemists20th-century English physicistsAcademics of the University of ChesterAlumni of Imperial College LondonBritish fellows of the Royal SocietyBritish parapsychologists