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Also known as physical work, mechanical work
描述力对物体作用空间积累的物理量,其大小等于力和其作用点位移的标积
Work is the energy transferred to an object when a force is applied to it and it moves in the direction of that force. It matters because it's a fundamental way we understand and measure how forces cause objects to move and change, which applies to everything from lifting objects to powering machines.
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Article · 中文
功(英語:work),也叫机械功,是物理学中表示力对位移的累积的物理量,指从一种物理系统到另一种物理系统的能量转变,尤其是指通过使物体朝向力的方向移动的力的作用下能量的转移。与机械能相似的是,功也是标量,国际单位制单位为焦耳。 “功”一词最初是法国数学家贾斯帕-古斯塔夫·科里奥利创造的。 由动能定理,若一个外力作用于一物体使之动能从Ek0增至Ek,那么,此力所做的机械功为: 其中m是物体的质量,v是物体的速度。 机械功就是力与位移的內積: 若力与位移的夹角小于直角,则机械功为正,亦称为力作正功。若力与位移的夹角大于直角,则机械功为负,或力做负功,或物体克服力作功。 若力的方向与位移方向垂直,则此力不作功:
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