Alexander Herzen
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Alexander Herzen was a 19th-century Russian thinker who combined literary talent with radical political ideas, becoming one of the most influential critics of tsarist autocracy. His writings and activism made him a central figure in early Russian socialism and helped shape the intellectual foundations of the revolutionary movements that would transform Russia in the decades after his death.
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Alexander Ivanovich Herzen (Russian: Александр Иванович Герцен, romanized: Aleksándr Ivánovich Gértsen; 6 April [O.S. 25 March] 1812 – 21 January [O.S. 9 January] 1870) was a Russian writer and thinker known as the precursor of Russian socialism and one of the main precursors of agrarian populism (being an ideological ancestor of the Narodniki, Socialist-Revolutionaries, Trudoviks and the agrarian American Populist Party). With his writings, many composed while exiled in London, he attempted to influence the situation in Russia, contributing to a political climate that led to the emancipation of the serfs in 1861. He published the important social novel Who is to Blame? (1845–46). His autobiography, My Past and Thoughts (written 1852–1870), is often considered one of the best examples of that genre in Russian literature.
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1812 births1870 deaths19th-century male writers from the Russian Empire19th-century novelists from the Russian Empire19th-century philosophers from the Russian EmpireAgnostics from the Russian EmpireMemoirists from the Russian EmpireMoscow State University alumniPeople from Moskovsky UyezdPeople from the Russian Empire of German descentPhilosophers of economics