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copepod
Also known as Copepoda
Copepods (; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater c
AI overview
Copepods are tiny crustaceans with oar-like feet that live in nearly every water environment on Earth, from oceans and rivers to puddles and swamps, with some species also inhabiting damp soil and wet plant structures. They matter because their wide distribution and abundance across diverse aquatic and semi-aquatic habitats make them fundamental to many ecosystems, though some species can also parasitize other organisms.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Species
copepods
Class
- PhylumArthropoda
- ClassCopepoda
Habitatmarine, brackish, freshwater
目 哲水蚤目 Calanoida 劍水蚤目 Cyclopoida 隱水蚤目 Gelyelloida 猛水蚤目 Harpacticoida 異水蚤目 Misophrioida 怪水蚤目 Monstrilloida 摩門水蚤目 Mormonilloida 平角目 Platycopioida 杯口水蚤目 Poecilostomatoida 管口目 Siphonostomatoida 橈腳類（學名：Copepods；/ˈkoʊpɪpɒd/，「槳足」的意思）是一類細小的甲殼類動物，生活在海洋及差不多所有淡水的棲地，亦是海洋中重要的蛋白質來源 [1]。很多的橈腳類都是浮游動物，當中有些是底棲生物，一些則是湖沼陸棲生物，在陸地上及沼澤、水溝等水體生活。很多都是生活在地底下的，如洞穴、水坑或河床等，甚或雨林內的落葉堆中。橈腳類有時被用作為指標物種(indicator species)。 目录 1 分類及多樣性 2 特徵 3 生態 4 疾病傳播及控制 5 參考資料 6 外部連結 分類及多樣性 恩斯特·海克爾（Ernst Haeckel）所著的《自然界的藝術形態》（Kunstformen der Natur）一書裡的橈腳類生物圖片。 橈腳類是甲殼亞門下的一個亞綱或是一個綱。牠們之下共有10個目，當中有超過13000個已記述的物種，2800個在淡水中生活[2]。 特徵 橈腳類的圖片。 大部分桡脚类都在头部中部生有一个单独的 复眼 ，但是Corycaeus属拥有两个表皮形成的透镜配对来形成一个“望远镜”视觉器官。 [3][4] 橈腳類的大小差別很大，但一般長1-2毫米，體形像淚珠，有大的觸角。雖然牠們像其他甲殼類般有裝甲似的外骨骼，不過由於身體太細小，這一層薄薄的裝甲連同包裹着的身軀看起來差不多是完全透明。一些生活在極地的橈腳類可以長達1厘米。橈腳類只有一隻複眼，很多時是鮮紅色及位於頭部的中央。一些在地底的物種甚至連眼睛也沒有。 大部份細小的橈腳類會直接吃浮游植物，很少較大的物種是掠食其他細小的同類。草食性的橈腳類，尤其是生活在冰冷海洋的群族，會將從食物獲得的能量儲存成油滴，這些油滴可以佔了牠們超過一半的身體。 很多橈腳類的神經元有髓磷脂包圍，這在無脊椎動物中是很稀有的。這些髓磷脂很有組織，就像是其他脊椎動物般。 一些橈腳類是很迴避性的，可以極速逃亡幾毫米的距離。 由於橈腳類細小的身形，這些物種基本上不需要心臟或任何循環系統節存在。即使在哲水蚤目（Calanoida）[5]的物種都有心臟，但這些物種的身上沒有血管，也沒有鰓，而是直接把氧氣吸進體內。另一方面，牠們的排洩系統亦只有靠在其口器的一對上頜竇（maxillary glands）。 生態 Lernaeolophus sultanus (羽肢鱼虱科 的一种), 鱼类品种Pristipomoides filamentosus的寄生
via
Research
6,309 papers- The diatom-copepod arms race.Current biology : CB · 2025
~19 min read
Article
17 sectionsContents
- Classification and diversity
- Characteristics
- Behavior
- Diet
- Life cycle
- Biophysics
- Ecology
- Copepods as parasitic hosts
- Evolution
- Practical aspects
- In marine aquaria
- Water supplies
- Incidental, religious curiosities
- In popular culture
- See also
- References
- External links
Copepods (; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators.
==Classification and diversity== Copepods are assigned to the class Copepoda within the superclass Multicrustacea in the subphylum Crustacea. An alternative treatment is as a subclass belonging to class Hexanauplia. They are divided into 10 orders. Some 13,000 species of copepods are known, and 2,800 of them live in fresh water.