銅

Also known as Cu, element 29, 29Cu, Tatum-T, Paragard T 380A, CU-7

原子序數為29的化學元素

OverviewAI-generated

Copper is a metal with the element symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It has a mass of 63.546 and a density of 8.94. The substance is made from materials including cuprite, chrysocolla, dioptase, and enargite. Its melting point is 1981 and its boiling point is 4703. Copper has a thermal conductivity of 413 and an electronegativity of 1.9. It is named after Cyprus.

The element was discovered or invented in 7000 BCE. It is classified as a medication and a small molecule with the IUPAC name copper. It has been approved for indications including bacterial vaginosis, glioblastoma multiforme, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and Alzheimer disease. The first approval occurred in 1982. It is administered via topical routes. The time-weighted average exposure limit is 1, and the immediately dangerous to life or health level is 100.

Synthesized by Vinony from 41 facts across 5 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, ChEMBL, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: Cu
Molecular weight: 63.55 g/mol
IUPAC name: copper
SMILES: [Cu]
InChIKey: RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Drug data · ChEMBL

Max clinical phase: Approved
Molecule type: Small molecule
First approval: 1982
Admin. routes: topical
Indications: bacterial vaginosis, glioblastoma multiforme, breast cancer, prostate cancer

via ChEMBL · EBI

Research

185,649 papers

Copper: effects of deficiency and overload.ReviewMetal ions in life sciences · 2013Scheiber I, Dringen R, Mercer JFDOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7500-8_11
Copper deficiency anemia: review article.ReviewAnnals of hematology · 2018Myint ZW, Oo TH, Thein KZ et al.DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3407-5
The molecular mechanism and therapeutic landscape of copper and cuproptosis in cancer.ReviewSignal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Guo Z, Chen D, Yao L et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41392-025-02192-0
Copper and Diabetes: Current Research and Prospect.ReviewMolecular nutrition & food research · 2023Chang W, Li PDOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300468
Copper homeostasis and the ubiquitin proteasome system.ReviewMetallomics : integrated biometal science · 2023Zhang B, Burke RDOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfad010
Copper.ReviewJournal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology · 1999Barceloux DGDOI: 10.1081/clt-100102421
Copper hypersensitivity.ReviewContact dermatitis · 2014Fage SW, Faurschou A, Thyssen JPDOI: 10.1111/cod.12273
Copper in cancer: friend or foe? Metabolism, dysregulation, and therapeutic opportunities.ReviewCancer communications (London, England) · 2025Shan D, Song J, Ren Y et al.DOI: 10.1002/cac2.70005

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Subclass of: metal
Part of: group 11
Named after: Cyprus
Material used: covellite
Mass: 63.546
Image: Mwyngloddiau Copr y Gogarth - Great Orme Copper Mines; Mehefin - June 2023 02.jpg
Has use: heat sink

Show 31 more facts

element symbol: Cu
Commons category: Copper
topic's main category: Category:Copper
atomic number: 29
electronegativity: 1.9
oxidation state: 4
NIOSH Pocket Guide ID: 0150
density: 8.94
immediately dangerous to life or health: 100
Commons gallery: Copper
melting point: 1085
boiling point: 2595
vapor pressure: 0
time-weighted average exposure limit: 1
canonical SMILES: [Cu]
thermal conductivity: 413
time of discovery or invention: 7000-00-00
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
compressive modulus of elasticity: 100
OpenStreetMap tag: resource=copper
chemical formula: Cu
Unicode character: 銅
color: copper
different from: native copper
found in taxon: Glyceridae
electrical resistivity: 0.000000017
ionic radius: 0.73
associated hazard: copper toxicity
P8168: Gorgons
2022 Harmonized System Code: 740311
maintained by WikiProject: WikiProject Rocks and minerals

Sources (7)

via Wikidata · CC0

Article · 中文

銅（拼音：tónɡ，注音：ㄊㄨㄥˊ；英語：Copper），俗稱红铜或者紫铜，是最早發現的化學元素，化學符號为Cu（源于拉丁語：Cuprum），原子序數为29，原子量為63.546 u。純銅是柔軟的金屬，表面剛切開時為紅橙色帶金屬光澤、延展性好、導熱性和導電性高，因此在電纜、電氣和電子元件是最常用的材料，也可用作建築材料，以及組成眾多種合金，例如用於珠寶的紋銀，用於製作船用五金和硬幣的白銅以及用於應變片和熱電偶的康銅。銅合金機械性能優異，電阻率很低，其中最重要的是青銅和黃銅。此外，銅也是耐用的金屬，可以多次回收而無損其機械性能。銅是在自然界中可以直接使用的金屬的其中一種（天然金屬），這使得其在西元前8000年時被多個不同地區的的人們使用，在數千年之後，銅在西元前5000年成為首個從硫化礦石中冶煉出的金屬；在西元前4000年成為第一個在模具中塑形的金屬，更在西元前3500年與另一種金屬錫鍛造成了人類史的第一個合金——青銅。在古羅馬時期，銅礦大多在賽普勒斯開採，同時也使這種金屬得到最初的名字Cyprium（也就是賽普勒斯的金屬），之後演變為Cuprum（拉丁語），而現在常用的copper則是於西元1530年前後第一次被使用。銅在自然界中經常形成二價的銅鹽類，它們使藍銅礦、孔雀石和綠松石等礦物具有藍色或綠色，並且在歷史上也廣泛用作顏料。氧化成銅綠的銅經常被用在建築物的屋頂上。而有時銅也被用在裝飾藝術上，而且不管是元素型態或形成化合物的銅都會被利用。另外，銅化合物用作、殺真菌劑和木材防腐劑。銅是所有生物所必需的微量膳食礦物質，因為那是呼吸酶複合體-細胞色素c氧化酶（cytochrome c oxidase）的重要組成成分。在軟體動物和甲殼類動物中，銅是組成血液色素血藍蛋白（blood pigment hemocyanin）的成分，而在魚類或其他脊椎動物中，則被鐵血紅蛋白複合體給取代。另外，在人體中，銅主要分布在肝臟、肌肉和骨骼中，而一般成人每公斤體重約含有1.4至2.1毫克的銅。

Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA