deoxyribonuclease
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Deoxyribonuclease (DNase, for short) refers to a group of glycoprotein endonucleases which are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of phosphodiester linkages in the DNA backbone, thus degrading DNA. The role of the DNase enzyme in cells includes breaking down extracellular DNA (ecDNA) excreted by apoptosis, necrosis, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) of cells to help reduce inflammatory responses that otherwise are elicited. A wide variety of deoxyribonucleases are known and fall into one of two families (DNase I or DNase II), which differ in their substrate specificities, che
Research
70,521 papers- Multiple forms of deoxyribonuclease I.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 1981
- Chromatin.Annual review of biochemistry · 1982
- Deoxyribonuclease partially ameliorates thioacetamide-induced hepatorenal injury.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2017
- Deoxyribonuclease-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis strains.Applied microbiology · 1970
- [Blood deoxyribonuclease activity in health and diseases].Biomeditsinskaia khimiia · 2007
via PubMed
Wikidata facts
Show 1 more fact
- EC enzyme number
- 3.1.-.-
Sources (2)
via Wikidata · CC0
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Encyclopedic overview
17 sectionsContents
- Types
- The DNase I Family: DNase I, DNase1L1, DNase 1L2, DNase1L3
- The DNase II Family: DNase II α and DNase II β
- Structure
- Mechanism
- DNase I Mechanism
- DNase II Mechanism
- Applications
- Laboratory applications
- Treatment
- Respiratory diseases
- Other diseases
- Assays
- Virulence factor
- See also
- References
- External links
Deoxyribonuclease (DNase, for short) refers to a group of glycoprotein endonucleases which are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of phosphodiester linkages in the DNA backbone, thus degrading DNA. The role of the DNase enzyme in cells includes breaking down extracellular DNA (ecDNA) excreted by apoptosis, necrosis, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) of cells to help reduce inflammatory responses that otherwise are elicited. A wide variety of deoxyribonucleases are known and fall into one of two families (DNase I or DNase II), which differ in their substrate specificities, chemical mechanisms, and biological functions. Laboratory applications of DNase include purifying proteins when extracted from prokaryotic organisms. Additionally, DNase has been applied as a treatment for diseases that are caused by ecDNA in the blood plasma. Assays of DNase are emerging in the research field as well.
== Types == The two main types of DNase found in animals are known as deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) and deoxyribonuclease II (DNase II). These two families have subcategories within them.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “deoxyribonuclease” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.