Elephantidae

Elephantidae

FAMILY

1. KingdomAnimalia
2. PhylumChordata
3. ClassMammalia
4. OrderProboscidea
5. FamilyElephantidae

Observations recorded76,752

象科（学名：Elephantidae）是哺乳动物长鼻目中的一科，包括象及已滅絕的猛犸象。象科是陸地上最大的哺乳动物，其特點為其圆筒状长鼻及象牙。象科中大部份的属和物种皆已絕滅，現存的只有二個属：非洲象屬及象属（亞洲象）。[2][3][4][5] 分类 本分类最早由学名作者约翰·爱德华·格雷在1821年发表。本科现属于真长鼻亚目象形下目象小目象总科。 本科现存2属3种，另有3到5个化石属，归类于2亚科2族2亚族，如下： 象亚科 Elephantinae †原始象属 Primelephas 象族 Elephantini 象亚族 Elephantina 象屬 Elephas 亞洲象 E. maximus 锡兰象 E. m. maximus 婆罗洲象 E. m. borneensis 印度象 E. m. indicus 苏门答腊象 E. m. sumatranus †猛犸象属 Mammuthus †古菱齿象亚族 Palaeoloxodontina †古菱齿象属 Palaeoloxodon †雷基象 P. recki 非洲象族 Loxodontini 非洲象屬 Loxodonta 非洲草原象 L. africana 非洲森林象 L. cyclotis †棱齿象亚科 Stegotetrabelodontinae †稜齒象屬 Stegotetrabelodon †Stegodibelodon（地位未定，可能属于嵌齿象科 Gomphotheriidae） 旧分类 过去，还有一些已灭绝的长鼻目类群被归类于本科，但现在已分入其它的科之中： †劍齒象屬 Stegodon（现归类于劍齒象科 Stegodontidae） †脊棱齒象屬 Stegolophodon（现归类于劍齒象科 Stegodontidae） 参考文献 ^ Maglio, Vincent J. Origin and Evolution of the Elephantidae. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 1973, 63 (3): 16. JSTOR 1006229. ^ London Med. Repos. 15: 305. ^ Mammal Species of the World, A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd edition, 2005 ISBN 0801882214 ^ Jeheskel Shoshani, Pascal Tassy (2005) Advances in proboscidean taxonomy & classification, anatomy & physiology, and ecology & behavior. Quaterna

via GBIF

🔬Museum specimens

Specimen records

447

With media

10

Family

Elephantidae

Collections

CM, USNM, NHMUK, ROM

Recorded in

United States, Tanzania

• Natural Frequencies in Sexual Pelvic Thrusting.Integrative and comparative biology · 2025Nehme-Haily J, Yin L, Diaz V et al.DOI: 10.1093/icb/icaf135
• Comparative study of the body proportions in Elephantidae and other large herbivorous mammals.Journal of anatomy · 2025Belyaev RI, Boeskorov GG, Kuznetsov AN et al.DOI: 10.1111/joa.14143
• Molecular and morphological evidence on the phylogeny of the Elephantidae.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2000Thomas MG, Hagelberg E, Jone HB et al.DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2000.1310
• Multiplex amplification of the mammoth mitochondrial genome and the evolution of Elephantidae.Nature · 2006Krause J, Dear PH, Pollack JL et al.DOI: 10.1038/nature04432
• EVOLUTION OF MASTICATION IN THE ELEPHANTIDAE.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 1972Maglio VJDOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1972.tb01970.x
• Forensic species identification of elephant (Elephantidae) and giraffe (Giraffidae) tail hair using light microscopy.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2010Yates BC, Espinoza EO, Baker BWDOI: 10.1007/s12024-010-9169-6
• Uncoupling elephant TP53 and cancer.Trends in ecology & evolution · 2023Vollrath FDOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.05.011
• Phylogenetic resolution within the Elephantidae using fossil DNA sequence from the American mastodon (Mammut americanum) as an outgroup.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1996Yang H, Golenberg EM, Shoshani JDOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.3.1190

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Instance of

taxon

Parent taxon

Elephantoidea

Image

Elefante africano de sabana (Loxodonta africana), parque nacional Kruger, Sudáfrica, 2018-07-25, DD 06.jpg

via Wikidata · CC0