fertilization
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Article
26 sectionsContents
- Discovery
- Evolution
- Fertilisation in plants
- Pollen tube growth
- Rupture of pollen tube
- Flowering plants
- Self-pollination and outcrossing
- Fertilisation in animals
- Internal vs. external
- Sea urchins
- Mammals
- Humans
- Insects
- Fertilisation in fungi
- Fertilisation in protists
- Fertilisation in protozoa
- Fertilisation in algae
- Fertilisation and genetic recombination
- The sperm aster and zygote centrosomes
- Parthenogenesis
- Allogamy and autogamy
- Other variants of bisexual reproduction
- Benefits of cross-fertilisation
- See also
- References
- External links
right|299px|thumb|Sperm and ovum fusing
Fertilisation or fertilization (see spelling differences), also known as generative fertilisation, syngamy and impregnation, is the fusion of gametes to give rise to a zygote and initiate its development into a new individual organism or offspring. While processes such as insemination or pollination, which happen before the fusion of gametes, are also sometimes informally referred to as fertilisation, these are technically separate processes. The cycle of fertilisation and development of new individuals is called sexual reproduction. During double fertilisation in angiosperms, the haploid male gamete combines with two haploid polar nuclei to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus by the process of vegetative fertilisation.