glyphosate
Sign in to saveGlyphosate (IUPAC name: '''N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine') is a broad-spectrum systemic herbicide and crop desiccant. It is an organophosphorus compound, specifically a phosphonate, which acts by inhibiting the plant enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP). Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are used to kill weeds, especially annual broadleaf weeds and grasses that compete with crops. American agricultural company Monsanto brought it to market for agricultural use in 1974 under the trade name Roundup''. Monsanto's last commercially relevant United States patent expired in 2000.
AI overview
Glyphosate is a widely used weedkiller that works by disabling a key plant enzyme, allowing it to kill a broad range of weeds and grasses that interfere with crop growth. Originally introduced by Monsanto in 1974 under the brand name Roundup, it has become a common agricultural chemical since its patent expired in 2000.
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Article
52 sectionsContents
- Discovery
- Chemistry
- Synthesis
- Impurities
- Formulations
- Mode of action
- Uses
- Genetically modified crops
- Environmental fate
- Residues in food products
- Toxicity
- Glyphosate alone
- Humans
- Cancer
- Other mammals
- Aquatic and marine animals
- Antimicrobial activity
- Soil biota
- Endocrine disruption
- Effect on plant health
- Glyphosate-based formulations
- Human
- Aquatic fauna
- Genetic damage
- Government and organization positions
- European Food Safety Authority
- International Agency for Research on Cancer
- Reviews of the EFSA and IARC reports
- US Environmental Protection Agency
- Monsanto response and campaign
- California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
- European Chemicals Agency
- Effects of use
- Emergence of resistant weeds
- Palmer amaranth
- ''Conyza'' species
- Ryegrass
- Johnson grass
- Monarch butterfly populations
- Legal status
- Europe
- European Union
- National level regulation
- Other countries
- Legal cases
- Lawsuits claiming liability for cancer
- Advertising controversies
- Trade dumping allegations
- Misinformation
- See also
- References
- External links
Glyphosate (IUPAC name: '''N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine') is a broad-spectrum systemic herbicide and crop desiccant. It is an organophosphorus compound, specifically a phosphonate, which acts by inhibiting the plant enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP). Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are used to kill weeds, especially annual broadleaf weeds and grasses that compete with crops. American agricultural company Monsanto brought it to market for agricultural use in 1974 under the trade name Roundup''. Monsanto's last commercially relevant United States patent expired in 2000.
Farmers quickly adopted glyphosate for agricultural weed control, especially after Monsanto introduced glyphosate-resistant Roundup Ready crops, enabling farmers to kill weeds without killing their crops. In 2007, glyphosate was the most used herbicide in the United States' agricultural sector and the second-most used (after 2,4-D) in home and garden, government and industry, and commercial applications. From the late 1970s to 2016, there was a 100-fold increase in the frequency and volume of application of GBHs worldwide, with further increases expected in the future.
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Acetic acidsChelating agentsChembox having GHS dataChemical articles with multiple CAS registry numbersChemical articles with multiple compound IDsECHA InfoCard ID from WikidataGroup 9 herbicidesHerbicidesIARC Group 2A carcinogensMonsantoMultiple chemicals in an infobox that need indexingPhosphonic acids