Madhyamaka
Madhyamaka (; ; , chữ Nôm: ; ) also known as Madhyamika () refers to a tradition of Buddhist philosophy and practice founded by the Indian Buddhist monk and philosopher Nāgārjuna (). The foundational text of the Mādhyamaka tradition is Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā ("Root Verses on the Middle Way"). More broadly, Madhyamaka also refers to the ultimate nature of phenomena as well as the non-conceptual realization of ultimate reality that is experienced in meditation.
Article
49 sectionsContents
- Etymology
- Philosophical overview
- Svabhāva, what Madhyamaka denies
- The two truths
- The nature of ultimate reality
- The Middle Way
- The usefulness of reason
- Soteriology
- Does Madhyamaka have a position?
- Origins and sources
- Early Buddhist Texts
- Abhidharma and early Buddhist schools
- Mahāyāna sūtras
- Prajñāpāramitā
- Pyrrhonism
- Indian Madhyamaka
- Nāgārjuna
- Classical Madhyamaka figures
- Yogācāra-Madhyamaka
- Vajrayana Madhyamaka
- Tibetan Buddhism
- Early transmission
- Prāsaṅgika and Svātantrika interpretations
- Jonang and "Other Emptiness"
- Tsongkhapa and Gelug ''Prāsaṅgika''
- Sakya Madhyamaka
- Comparison of the views of Tsongkhapa and Gorampa
- Kagyu
- Nyingma Madhyamaka
- East Asian madhyamaka
- Sānlùn school
- Chán
- Western Buddhism
- Thich Nhat Hanh
- Modern Madhyamaka
- Influences and critiques
- Yogacara
- Advaita Vedanta
- Jain philosophy
- Taoism
- Modern scholarship
- See also
- Notes
- References
- Published references
- Web references
- Sources
- Further reading
- External links
Madhyamaka (; ; , chữ Nôm: ; ) also known as Madhyamika () refers to a tradition of Buddhist philosophy and practice founded by the Indian Buddhist monk and philosopher Nāgārjuna (). The foundational text of the Mādhyamaka tradition is Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā ("Root Verses on the Middle Way"). More broadly, Madhyamaka also refers to the ultimate nature of phenomena as well as the non-conceptual realization of ultimate reality that is experienced in meditation.
Since the 4th century CE onwards, Madhyamaka philosophy had a major influence on the subsequent development of the Mahāyāna Buddhist tradition, especially following the spread of Buddhism throughout Asia. It is the dominant interpretation of Buddhist philosophy in Tibetan Buddhism and has also been influential in East Asian Buddhist thought.