reelin
Sign in to saveAlso known as uniprot:P78509, RELN
Reelin, encoded by the RELN gene, is a large secreted extracellular matrix glycoprotein that helps regulate processes of neuronal migration and positioning in the developing brain by controlling cell–cell interactions. Besides this important role in early development, reelin continues to work in the adult brain. It modulates synaptic plasticity by enhancing the induction and maintenance of long-term potentiation. It also stimulates dendrite and dendritic spine development in the hippocampus, and regulates the continuing migration of neuroblasts generated in adult neurogenesis sites of the subv
Protein · UniProt
Reelin
- Gene
- RELN
- Organism
- Homo sapiens (Human)
- Length
- 3,460 aa
- Molecular mass
- 388,388 Da
- Evidence
- 1: Evidence at protein level
Extracellular matrix serine protease secreted by pioneer neurons that plays a role in layering of neurons in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum by coordinating cell positioning during neurodevelopment. Regulates microtubule function in neurons and neuronal migration. Binding to the extracellular domains of lipoprotein receptors VLDLR and LRP8/APOER2 induces tyrosine phosphorylation of DAB1 and modulation of TAU phosphorylation. Affects migration of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord, where it seems to act as a barrier to neuronal migration. Enzymatic activity is important …
Swiss-Prot (reviewed) · via UniProt
Clinical Trials
3 registered- UNKNOWNGenetic Association Study Between GAD1 and Reelin Polymorphisms and GABA/Glutamate MRS in Bipolar Disorder Type 1 and Healthy Controls: SPECGENE PROJECTUniversity of Sao Paulo · NCT01237158
- NACOMPLETEDPrenatal Intervention of Maternal Stress - Breastfeeding & Infant NeurodevelopmentNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens · NCT06876051
- NARECRUITINGThe Mechanisms of Underlying Accelerated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Treatment-resistant DepressionFirst Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University · NCT05607654
Wikidata facts
Show 3 more facts
- Commons category
- Reelin
- EC enzyme number
- 3.4.21.-
- described at URL
- www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/reelin
via Wikidata · CC0
~43 min read
Article
26 sectionsContents
- Discovery
- Tissue distribution and secretion
- Structure
- Function
- During development
- In adults
- Evolutionary significance
- Mechanism of action
- Receptors
- Signaling cascades
- Complexes
- Interaction with Cdk5
- Possible pathological role
- Lissencephaly
- Schizophrenia
- Bipolar disorder
- Autism
- Temporal lobe epilepsy: granule cell dispersion
- Alzheimer's disease
- Cancer
- Other conditions
- Factors affecting reelin expression
- Psychotropic medication
- References
- Further reading
- External links
Reelin, encoded by the RELN gene, is a large secreted extracellular matrix glycoprotein that helps regulate processes of neuronal migration and positioning in the developing brain by controlling cell–cell interactions. Besides this important role in early development, reelin continues to work in the adult brain. It modulates synaptic plasticity by enhancing the induction and maintenance of long-term potentiation. It also stimulates dendrite and dendritic spine development in the hippocampus, and regulates the continuing migration of neuroblasts generated in adult neurogenesis sites of the subventricular and subgranular zones. It is found not only in the brain but also in the liver, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, fallopian tube, breast and in comparatively lower levels across a range of anatomical regions.
Reelin has been suggested to be implicated in pathogenesis of several brain diseases. The expression of the protein has been found to be significantly lower in schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder, but the cause of this observation remains uncertain, as studies show that psychotropic medication itself affects reelin expression. Moreover, epigenetic hypotheses aimed at explaining the changed levels of reelin expression are controversial. Total lack of reelin causes a form of lissencephaly. Reelin may also play a role in Alzheimer's disease, temporal lobe epilepsy and autism.