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Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that studies the relationships between the angles and side lengths of triangles, particularly using trigonometric functions that connect a right triangle's angles to ratios of its sides. The field developed in the Hellenistic world over 2,000 years ago out of a need to solve problems in astronomy, and it became foundational enough that mathematicians across cultures—from ancient Greece to India—developed various tools and tables to work with it.

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