Also known as vector analysis
calculus of vector-valued functions
Vector calculus is the branch of mathematics that studies how functions with vector outputs change and behave, extending the tools of regular calculus to work with quantities that have both magnitude and direction. It matters because many physical phenomena—like fluid flow, electromagnetic fields, and motion through space—are naturally described by vectors, making vector calculus essential for understanding and predicting real-world systems in physics and engineering.
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向量分析,或称为向量微積分(英語:Vector calculus)是數學的一个分支,主要研究在3维欧几里得空间 中向量場的微分和积分。「向量分析」有时也用作多元微积分的代名词,其中包括向量分析,以及偏微分和多重积分等更广泛的问题。 向量分析在微分几何与偏微分方程的研究中起着重要作用。它被广泛应用于物理和工程中,特别是在描述电磁场、引力场和流体流动的时候。 向量分析从四元數分析发展而来,由约西亚·吉布斯和奧利弗·黑維塞於19世纪末提出,大多数符号和术语由吉布斯和在他们1901年的书《向量分析》中提出。向量演算的常规形式中使用外积,不能推广到更高维度,而另一种的方法,它利用可以推广的外积,下文将会讨论。
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Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).