zoonosis

Also known as zoonoses, zoonotic infectious disease, zoonotic infection, zoonotic disease

A zoonosis (; : zoonoses) or zoonotic disease is an infectious disease of humans caused by a pathogen (an infectious agent, such as a virus, bacterium, parasite, fungi or prion) which can jump from a non-human animal to a human. When humans infect non-humans, it is called reverse zoonosis or anthroponosis.

AI overview

A zoonosis is an infectious disease that spreads from animals to humans, caused by pathogens like viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, or prions. Understanding zoonotic diseases matters because they represent a significant pathway through which new infections can emerge and affect human health.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Research

56,183 papers

Zoonosis in xenotransplantation.ReviewCurrent opinion in immunology · 1998Patience C, Takeuchi Y, Weiss RADOI: 10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80220-3
Advances in CRISPR/Cas-Based Strategies on Zoonosis.ReviewTransboundary and emerging diseases · 2023Zhang Y, Peng Q, Zhang R et al.DOI: 10.1155/2023/9098445
Influenza: the centennial of a zoonosis.Reviews in medical virology · 2019Mortimer PPDOI: 10.1002/rmv.2030
Reverse Zoonosis of COVID-19: Lessons From the 2009 Influenza Pandemic.ReviewVeterinary pathology · 2021Sooksawasdi Na Ayudhya S, Kuiken TDOI: 10.1177/0300985820979843
Tularemia - zoonosis carrying a potential risk of bioterrorism.ReviewEpidemiologie, mikrobiologie, imunologie : casopis Spolecnosti pro epidemiologii a mikrobiologii Ceske lekarske spolecnosti J.E. Purkyne · 2019Prokšová M, Bavlovič J, Klimentová J et al.
Special Issue: Surveillance and Zoonosis.Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology · 2019DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2019.04.002
Anthrax undervalued zoonosis.ReviewVeterinary microbiology · 2010Fasanella A, Galante D, Garofolo G et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.08.016
[Zoonosis].ReviewRyoikibetsu shokogun shirizu · 1999Ohtomo H

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Wikidata facts

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Commons category: Zoonoses
hashtag: zoonoses

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~34 min read

Article

30 sections

Contents

Epidemiology
Causes
Urban wildlife and disease transmission
Contamination of food or water supply
Bacterial pathogens
Viral pathogens
Parasitic pathogens
Farming, ranching and animal husbandry
Wildlife trade or animal attacks
Insect vectors
Pets
Exhibition
Hunting and bushmeat
Deforestation, biodiversity loss and environmental degradation
Climate change
Mechanisms linking climate change and zoonotic diseases
Changes in vector distribution
Wildlife migration and spillover risk
One Health approach and prevention strategies
Secondary transmission
Environmental drivers of zoonotic disease emergence
One Health approach
Prevention and surveillance
History
Use in vaccines
Lists of diseases
See also
References
Bibliography
External links

Major modern diseases such as Ebola and salmonellosis are zoonoses. HIV was a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans in the early part of the 20th century, though it has now evolved into a separate human-only disease. Human infection with animal influenza viruses is rare, as they do not transmit easily to or among humans. However, avian and swine influenza viruses in particular possess high zoonotic potential, and these occasionally recombine with human strains of the flu and can cause pandemics such as the 2009 swine flu. Zoonoses can be caused by a range of disease pathogens such as emergent viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites; of 1,415 pathogens known to infect humans, 61% were zoonotic. Most human diseases originated in non-humans; however, only diseases that routinely involve non-human to human transmission, such as rabies, are considered direct zoonoses.