Centrosome

thumb|280px|3D rendering of centrioles showing the triplets

The centrosome (Latin centrum 'centre' + Greek sōma 'body') (archaically cytocentre) is a non-membrane bounded organelle in the animal cell that serves as the main microtubule organizing centre (MTOC) and a regulator of cell-cycle progression. The centrosome provides structure for the cell. It is thought to have evolved only in the metazoan lineage of eukaryotic cells. Fungi and plants lack centrosomes and therefore use other structures to organize their microtubules. Although the centrosome has a key role in efficient mitosis in animal cells, it is not essential in certain fly and flatworm sp

intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and anchor microtubules

Centrosome-associated protein 350 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP350 gene.

Centrosomal protein of 55 kDa (Cep55), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP55 gene.

Centrosomal protein of 57 kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP57 gene. It is also known as translokin.

Progesterone-induced-blocking factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PIBF1 gene. It has been shown to localize to the centrosome and has also been named CEP90.

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Centriolin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNTRL gene. It was previously known as CEP110.

Centrosomal protein 104kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP104 gene. Like its Chlamydomonas ortholog, FAP256, it has been shown to localize to the distal ends of both centrioles in the absence of a cilium. During cilium formation, it is found at the tip of the elongating cilium.

Centrosome-associated protein CEP250 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP250 gene. This gene encodes a core centrosomal protein required for centriole-centriole cohesion during interphase of the cell cycle. The encoded protein dissociates from the centrosomes when parental centrioles separate at the beginning of mitosis. The protein associates with and is phosphorylated by NIMA-related kinase 2, which is also associated with the centrosome. Furthermore, CEP135 is also required for the centriolar localization of CEP250.

Centrosomal protein of 63 kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP63 gene. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found, but their biological validity has not been determined.

Centrosomal protein of 70 kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP70 gene. The protein interacts with γ-tubulin through its coiled coil domains to localize at the centrosome. CEP70 is involved in organizing microtubules in interphase cells and is required for proper organization and orientation of the mitotic spindle.

Centrosomal protein of 135 kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP135 gene. It is part of the centrosome throughout the cell cycle, being distributed in the pericentriolar material. CEP135 is required for the centriolar localization of CEP250.

Centrosomal protein of 164 kDa, also known as CEP164, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP164 gene. Its function appears two be twofold: CEP164 is required for primary cilium formation. Furthermore, it is an important component in the response to DNA damage by UV light.

Centrosomal protein of 152 kDa, also known as Cep152, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP152 gene. It is the ortholog of the Drosophila melanogaster gene asterless (asl) and both are required for centriole duplication.

Centrosomal protein of 68 kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP68 gene. CEP68 is required for centrosome cohesion. It decorates fibres emanating from the proximal ends of centrioles. During mitosis, CEP68 dissociates from centrosomes. CEP68 and rootletin depend on each other for centriole association, and both also require CEP250 for their function.

Centrosomal protein of 192 kDa, also known as Cep192, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP192 gene. It is the homolog of the C. elegans and D. melanogaster gene SPD-2.

Centrosomal protein of 76 kDa, also known as CEP76, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP76 gene.

Centrosomal protein 128kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP128 gene.

Centrosomal protein of 72 kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP72 gene.

Centrosomal protein of 97 kDa (Cep97), also known as leucine-rich repeat and IQ domain-containing protein 2 (LRRIQ2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP97 gene.

Centrosomal protein of 78 kDa, also known as Cep78, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP78 gene.

Centrosomal protein of 120 kDa (Cep120), also known as coiled-coil domain-containing protein 100, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP120 gene.