Dopamine agonists

Lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly known as LSD (from German ) and by the nicknames acid and lucy, is a semisynthetic hallucinogenic drug derived from ergot, known for its powerful psychological effects and serotonergic activity. It was historically used in psychiatry and 1960s counterculture; it is currently legally restricted but receiving renewed scientific interest and increasing use.

thumb|Tyrosine ball and stick model spinning -Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic tha

-DOPA, also known as -3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and used medically as levodopa, is made and used as part of the normal biology of some plants and animals, including humans. Humans, as well as a portion of the other animals that utilize -DOPA, make it via biosynthesis from the amino acid -tyrosine.

Bromocriptine, sold under the brand name Parlodel among others, is an ergoline derivative and dopamine agonist that is used in the treatment of pituitary tumors, Parkinson's disease, hyperprolactinaemia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and, as an adjunct, type 2 diabetes.

Pramipexole, sold under the brand Mirapex among others, is a medication used to treat Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome. In Parkinson's disease it may be used alone or together with levodopa. It is taken by mouth. Pramipexole is a dopamine agonist of the non-ergoline class.

Flibanserin, sold under the brand name Addyi, is a medication approved for the treatment of pre-menopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). The medication attempts to improve sexual desire, increase the number of satisfying sexual events, and decrease the distress associated with low sexual desire. The most common side effects are dizziness, sleepiness, nausea, difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep and dry mouth.

Ropinirole, sold under the brand name Requip among others, is a medication used to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS). It is taken by mouth.

drug that binds to and activates dopamine receptors

Piribedil is an antiparkinsonian agent and piperazine derivative which acts as a D2 and D3 receptor agonist. It also has α2-adrenergic antagonist properties.

Captodiame (INN), also known as captodiamine, is an antihistamine sold under the trade names Covatine, Covatix, and Suvren which is used as a sedative and anxiolytic. The structure is related to diphenhydramine.

7-OH-DPAT is a synthetic compound that acts as a dopamine receptor agonist with reasonable selectivity for the D3 receptor subtype, and low affinity for serotonin receptors, unlike its structural isomer 8-OH-DPAT. 7-OH-DPAT is self-administered in several animal models, and is used to study its addiction effects to cocaine.

Metergoline (, ), also known as methergoline and sold under the brand names Contralac (veterinary) and Liserdol (clinical), is a monoaminergic medication of the ergoline group which is used as a prolactin inhibitor in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia (high prolactin levels) and to suppress lactation.

hormone used as a medication

Deoxyepinephrine, also known by the common names '''N-methyldopamine and epinine''', is an organic compound and natural product that is structurally related to the important neurotransmitters dopamine and epinephrine. All three of these compounds also belong to the catecholamine family. The pharmacology of epinine largely resembles that of its "parent", dopamine. Epinine has been found in plants, insects and animals. It is also of significance as the active metabolic breakdown product of the prodrug ibopamine, which has been used to treat congestive heart failure.

ALD-52, also known as 1-acetyl-LSD (1A-LSD) and falsely as "Orange Sunshine", is a psychedelic drug of the lysergamide family related to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It is taken orally.

Ciladopa (developmental code name AY-27,110) is a dopamine agonist with a similar chemical structure to dopamine. It was under investigation as an antiparkinsonian agent but was discontinued due to concerns of tumorogenesis in rodents.

Quinpirole (developmental code name LY-171555) is a psychoactive drug and research chemical which acts as a selective D2 and D3 receptor agonist. It is used in scientific research. Quinpirole has been shown to increase locomotion and sniffing behavior in mice treated with it. At least one study has found that quinpirole induces compulsive behavior symptomatic of obsessive compulsive disorder in rats. Another study in rats show that quinpirole produces significant THC-like effects when metabolic degradation of anandamide is inhibited, supporting the hypothesis that these effects of quinpirole a

5-OH-DPAT is a synthetic compound that acts as a dopamine receptor agonist with selectivity for the D2 receptor and D3 receptor subtypes. Only the (S)-enantiomer is active as an agonist, with the (R)-enantiomer being a weak antagonist at D2 receptors. Radiolabelled 11C-5-OH-DPAT is used as an agonist radioligand for mapping the distribution and function of D2 and D3 receptors in the brain, and the drug is also being studied in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Pukateine is an alkaloid found in the bark of the New Zealand tree Laurelia novae-zelandiae ("Pukatea"), as well as some South American plants. An extract from pukatea is used in traditional Māori herbal medicine as an analgesic.

Sumanirole (PNU-95,666) is a highly selective D2 receptor full agonist, the first of its kind to be discovered. It was developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and restless leg syndrome. While it has never been approved for medical use it is a highly valuable tool compound for basic research to identify neurobiological mechanisms that are based on a dopamine D2-linked (vs. D1-, D3-, D4-, and D5-linked) mechanism of action.

Ibopamine is a sympathomimetic drug, designed as a prodrug of epinine (deoxyepinephrine or N-methyldopamine), used in ophthalmology. It induces mydriasis. It also has been investigated for use in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

OSU-6162, also known as PNU-96391, is a compound which acts as a partial agonist at both dopamine D2 receptors and 5-HT2A receptors. It acts as a dopamine stabilizer in a similar manner to the closely related drug pridopidine, and has antipsychotic, anti-addictive and anti-Parkinsonian effects in animal studies. Both enantiomers show similar activity but with different ratios of effects, with the (S) enantiomer (–)-OSU-6162 that is more commonly used in research, having higher binding affinity to D2 but is a weaker partial agonist at 5-HT2A, while the (R) enantiomer (+)-OSU-6162 has higher eff

PD-128,907 is a drug used in scientific research which acts as a potent and selective agonist for the dopamine D2 and D3 receptors. It is used for studying the role of these receptors in the brain, in roles such as inhibitory autoreceptors that act to limit further dopamine release, as well as release of other neurotransmitters. In animal studies, it has been shown to reduce toxicity from cocaine overdose.

Etilevodopa (developmental code name TV-1203) is a dopaminergic agent which was developed as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. It is the ethyl ester of levodopa. It was never marketed.

RDS-127, also known as '4,7-dimethoxy-N,N-dipropyl-2-aminoindane', is a drug of the 2-aminoindane family which is used in scientific research. It acts as a D2-like receptor agonist and also has some serotonin and adrenergic agonist effects, as well as some anticholinergic action, and produces both anorectic and pro-sexual effects in animal studies.

Talipexole (B-HT920, Domnin) is a dopamine agonist that is marketed as a treatment for Parkinson's disease in Japan by Boehringer Ingelheim; it was introduced in 1996. As of December 2014 it was not approved for marketing in the US nor in Europe.

Aplindore (DAB-452) is a drug which acts as a partial agonist selective for the dopamine receptor D2. It is being developed by the pharmaceutical company Neurogen as a treatment for Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome.

UH-232 ((+)-UH232) is a drug which acts as a subtype selective mixed agonist-antagonist for dopamine receptors, acting as a weak partial agonist at the D3 subtype, and an antagonist at D2Sh autoreceptors on dopaminergic nerve terminals. It causes dopamine release in the brain and has a stimulant effect, as well as blocking the behavioural effects of cocaine. It may also serve as a 5-HT2A receptor agonist, based on animal studies. It was investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia, but unexpectedly caused symptoms to become worse.

BP-897 is a drug used in scientific research which acts as a potent selective dopamine D3 receptor partial agonist with an in vitro intrinsic activity of ~0.6 and ~70x greater affinity for D3 over D2 receptors and is suspected to have partial agonist or antagonist activity in vivo. It has mainly been used in the study of treatments for cocaine addiction. A study comparing BP-897 with the potent, antagonistic, and highly D3 selective SB-277,011-A found, "SB 277011-A (1–10 mg/kg) was able to block cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine-seeking, indicating that DRD3 selective antagonism may be an

Melevodopa, also known as levodopa methyl ester (LDME) and sold under the brand name Levomet, is a dopaminergic agent. It is the methyl ester of levodopa. It is used in oral tablet form as an effervescent prodrug with 250times the water solubility of tablet levodopa. In combination with carbidopa, as melevodopa/carbidopa (brand name Sirio), it is approved for use in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

α-Methyldopamine (α-Me-DA), also known as 3,4-dihydroxyamphetamine (3,4-DHA or HHA) or as catecholamphetamine, is a research chemical of the catecholamine and amphetamine families. It is a monoamine releasing agent and a metabolite of MDMA and MDA. The bis-glutathionyl metabolite of α-methyldopamine is slightly neurotoxic when directly injected into the brain's ventricles.

PF-219,061 is a drug that was under development by Pfizer which acts as a potent and highly selective agonist for the dopamine D3 receptor. It was under development as a potential medication for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction. It did not advance into clinical trials.