Romani cuisine

Bread is a baked food product made from water, flour, and often yeast. It is a staple food across the world, particularly in Europe and the Middle East. Throughout recorded history and around the world, it has been an important part of many cultures' diets. It is one of the oldest human-made foods, having been of significance since the dawn of agriculture, and plays an essential role in both religious rituals and secular culture.

Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species of bulbous flowering plants in the genus Allium. Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chives, Welsh onion, and Chinese onion. Garlic is native to central and western Asia, stretching from the Black Sea through the southern Caucasus, northeastern Iran, and the Hindu Kush. It has naturalized in many other parts of the world, including Mediterranean Europe and China. There are two subspecies and hundreds of varieties of garlic.

thumb |Cicer arietinum noir – MHNT The chickpea or chick pea (Cicer arietinum) is an annual legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae, cultivated for its edible seeds. Its different types are variously known as gram, Bengal gram, chana (চানা), garbanzo, garbanzo bean, or Egyptian pea. It is one of the earliest cultivated legumes, the oldest archaeological evidence of which was found in Syria.

Kebab ( , ), kebap, kabob (alternative North American spelling), kebob, or kabab (Hindi and Kashmiri spelling) is a variety of roasted meat dishes that originated in the Middle East.

alt=Saffron|thumb|Saffron crocus, Crocus sativus, with its vivid crimson stigmas and styles

Borscht () is a sour soup, made with meat stock, vegetables and seasonings, common in Eastern Europe, Central Europe and Northern Asia. In English, the word borscht, borrowed via Yiddish, is most often associated with the variant of the soup originating in Ukraine, made with red beetroots as one of the main ingredients, which give the dish its distinctive red color. The same name, however, is also used for a wide selection of sour-tasting soups without beetroots, such as sorrel-based green borscht, rye-based white borscht, and cabbage borscht.

Pilaf (), pilav, pilau or plov () is a rice dish, or in some regions, a wheat dish, whose recipe usually involves cooking in stock or broth, adding spices, and other ingredients such as vegetables and meat, and employing some technique for achieving cooked grains that do not adhere.

thumb|True cardamom plant (Elettaria cardamomum) thumb|Cardamom seeds

Goulash (, ) is a meal made of meat and vegetables seasoned with paprika and other spices. Originating in Hungary, goulash is a common meal predominantly eaten in Central Europe but also in other parts of Europe. It is one of the national dishes of Hungary and a symbol of the country.

Sauerkraut (; , ) is finely cut raw white cabbage that has been fermented by various lactic acid bacteria. It has a long shelf life and a distinctive sour flavor, both of which result from the lactic acid formed when the bacteria ferment the sugars in the cabbage leaves.

Pudding is a food which can either be a dessert or a savoury dish. In the United States, pudding means a sweet, milk-based dessert similar in consistency to egg-based custards, instant custards or a mousse, often commercially set using cornstarch, gelatin or similar coagulating agent. These puddings are known in some Commonwealth countries as custards (or curds) if they are egg-thickened, as blancmange if starch-thickened, and as jelly if gelatin-based. Pudding in America may also refer to other dishes such as bread pudding and rice pudding, although typically these names derive from their ori

Paprika is a spice made from dried and ground red peppers, Capsicum annuum. It can have varying levels of heat, but the peppers used for hot paprika tend to be milder and have thinner flesh than those used to produce chili powder. The milder, sweet paprika is mostly composed of the fruit of the pepper with most of the seeds removed; whereas some seeds and stalks are retained in the peppers used for hotter paprika.

type of pie filled with apples

thumb|Individual portion of shakshouka

Ajvar is a condiment made principally from sweet bell peppers and eggplants. The relish became a popular side dish throughout Yugoslavia after World War II and remains popular in Southeast Europe.

dish made from boiled potatoes

thumb|upright|Aspic with chicken and eggs Aspic () or meat jelly is a savoury gelatin made with a meat stock or broth, set in a mold to encase other ingredients. These often include pieces of meat, seafood, vegetable, or eggs. Aspic is also sometimes referred to as aspic gelée or aspic jelly. In its simplest form, aspic is essentially a gelatinous version of conventional soup.

dish of cabbage leaves with a filling

Pierogi ( ; , ) are filled dumplings made by wrapping unleavened dough around a filling and cooking in boiling water. They are occasionally flavored with a savory or sweet garnish. Typical fillings include potato and twaróg cheese, sauerkraut, ground meat, mushrooms, fruits, or berries. Savory pierogi are often served with a topping of sour cream, fried onions, or both.

soup made from chicken

Ćevapi (, ), known as kebapi () in North Macedonia, is a grilled dish of minced meat found traditionally in the countries of southeast Europe. It is considered a national dish of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, with Bosnia and Herzegovina taking steps in branding and placing them on the list of intangible heritage, with a nomination for inclusion on the UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage. Ćevapi are also common in Albania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Romania.

dairy product produced by fermenting a regular cream with certain kinds of lactic acid bacteria

Spätzle (), Spätzla or Spatzen, also called nokedli (), are a type of Central European egg pasta typically served as a side for meat dishes with sauce. Commonly associated with Swabia (hence Swabian spaetzle) and Alsace, it is also found in the cuisines of southern Germany and Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Hungary, Vojvodina, Banat, Slovenia, Lorraine, Moselle, and South Tyrol. It may be served as a side dish or with other ingredients like cheese and onion as a main dish. Spätzle are egg-based pasta of an irregular form with a rough, porous surface. The glutinous dough is put directly i

Schnitzel () is a thin slice of meat. The meat is usually thinned by pounding with a meat tenderizer. Most commonly, the meat is breaded before frying. Breaded schnitzel is popular in many countries and is made using veal, pork, chicken, mutton, beef, or turkey. Schnitzel originated as Wiener schnitzel and is very similar to other breaded meat dishes.

thumbnail|A swallow-bellied Mangalica in the gardens of the Franciscan monastery in Kadaň|Franciscan monastery at [[Kadaň, Czech Republic]] thumb|Mangalica piglets, about one month old, in Münsterland, Germany thumb|The curly blonde coat of a Mangalica pig at Budapest Zoo, Hungary

Mămăligă (;) is a polenta-like dish made out of yellow maize flour, traditional in Romania, Moldova, south-western Ukraine and among Poles in Ukraine (mamałyga), Hungary (puliszka), Bulgaria (kačamak), the Black Sea regions of Georgia and Turkey, and Thessaly and Phthiotis in Greece.

Pljeskavica (, , Romanian: plescavița) is a Serbian grilled dish consisting of a mixture of spiced minced pork, beef and lamb meat. It is one of the national dishes of Serbia as well as being popular in the neighbouring countries, such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Montenegro. Pljeskavica is also popular street food in countries of the Central and Eastern Europe, including Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, and Slovenia.

Chorba, ( ; ) shorwa, shurba, shurpa, shurbah or shorba ( ) is a broad class of stews or rich soups found in national cuisines across North Africa, The Middle East, Iran, Turkey, Southeast Europe, Central Asia, East Africa and South Asia. It is often prepared with added ingredients but is also served alone as a broth or with bread.

flesh from snails

right|thumb|Haluškár strainer

Pogača (; ; ) is a type of bread baked in the ashes of the fireplace, and later in modern ovens. Found in the cuisines of the Balkans, Levant, Turkey and Hungary; it can be leavened or unleavened, though the latter is considered more challenging to make. It is generally made from wheat flour, but barley and sometimes rye may be added. It can be stuffed with potatoes, ground beef, olive, or cheese, and have grains and herbs like sesame, black nigella seed, or dried dill in the dough or sprinkled on top.

Eastern European pastry traditionally baked for Easter

Lecsó ( , ; Czech and ; ; ; ; , ), also anglicized as lecho, is a Hungarian thick vegetable ragout or stew which traditionally contains yellow pointed peppers, tomato, onion, salt, and ground sweet and/or hot paprika as a base recipe. The onions and peppers are usually sauteed in lard, bacon fat, or sunflower oil. Garlic can also be a traditional ingredient. It is also considered to be traditional food in Czech, Slovak and former Yugoslavian cuisine and is also very common in Poland and Austria.

cabbage, vine leaf, or other leaf roll

dish involving filling the cavities of a pepper with other food

Kugel ( , pronounced or ) is a baked casserole, most commonly made from egg noodles (lokshen) or shredded potato. It is a traditional Ashkenazi Jewish dish, often served on Sabbath and Jewish holidays. American Jews also serve it for Thanksgiving dinner. In Hungary it is known as "vargabéles" and served as a sweet dish.

Pörkölt () is a meat stew which originates from Hungary, however is eaten throughout Central Europe.

German meat preparation

dish

traditional soup prepared from stinging nettles

Frybread (also spelled fry bread) is a dish of the Indigenous people of North America that is a flat dough bread, fried or deep-fried in oil, shortening, or lard.

Culinary term for pig's feet

slightly sweet soup made with sour cream, sugar, and whole fresh sour cherries, and served chilled

traditional cuisine of the Romani people

a tisane made from the root of the dandelion plant

thumb|Knedle with meat filling thumb|Knedle made of curd-based dough, filled with strawberries and peaches thumb|Apricot-filled knedle coated in buttered breadcrumbs and sprinkled with powdered sugar Knedle (plural from ), is a dish of boiled ball- or oval-shaped dumplings with a filling. The dough can be potato-based or made of choux pastry; sometimes it is curd-based. It is filled with fruits (whole strawberries, prune plums, apricots, pieces of apples), mushrooms, curd cheese, meat, and other ingredients. Knedle are popular in Central and Eastern European countries. The fruit-filled variant

thumb|Fatányéros, as served in Hungary. Fatányéros, also called Hungarian mixed grill, is a traditional Hungarian mixed meat barbecue dish (or pecsenye in Hungarian), originating from Transylvania.

Rigójancsi () is a traditional Hungarian cube-shaped chocolate sponge cake and chocolate cream pastry. It gained popularity in the former Austria-Hungary and is named after Rigó Jancsi (1858–1927), a famous Hungarian Gypsy (Romani people) violinist.

Gachas is an ancestral basic dish of central and southern Spain. It is a gruel whose main ingredients are flour, water, olive oil, garlic, paprika and salt.

flesh from quail

pastry

Tochitură () is a traditional Romanian and Moldovan dish made from pork cut into small cubes, (tochitură comes from the verb "a topi" which means "to melt") cooked over low fire in their own fat and juices, usually in a cast-iron pot. It is traditionally served with over-easy eggs and mămăligă. The tochitură moldovenească is the Moldavian version and the tochitură ardelenească is the Transylvanian version.

Spanish egg dessert

220px|thumb|Lamb Drob Drob, fully named Drob de Miel (Lamb Drob) or Drob de Paște (Easter Drob), is a traditional Romanian dish of lamb offals (liver, lungs, spleen, heart, kidney), green onions, herbs (dill, parsley, garlic, lovage), eggs (boiled or fresh), and bread soaked in water or milk. The boiled offals are chopped and mixed with all the other ingredients and seasoned with salt and pepper. The caul of the lamb is stretched over a loaf pan and filled with the mixture.

Irish dish

cake made with figs

thumb|Flamenquín (chopped) served in Cordoba.

Romanian soup prepared with minced meat dumplings

thumb|right|Philippine tocino

Zarangollo is a common dish in the Murcian countryside in Spain. It is frequently served in tapas bars in the area.