S100 proteins

family of vertebrate proteins involved in cell division and inflammation

Calprotectin is a complex of the mammalian proteins S100A8 and S100A9. Other names for calprotectin include MRP8-MRP14, calgranulin A and B, cystic fibrosis antigen, L1, 60BB antigen, and 27E10 antigen. The proteins exist as homodimers but preferentially exist as S100A8/A9 heterodimers or heterotetramers (calprotectin) with antimicrobial, proinflammatory and prothrombotic properties. In the presence of calcium, calprotectin is capable of sequestering the transition metals iron, manganese and zinc via chelation. This metal sequestration affords the complex antimicrobial properties. Calprotectin

S100 calcium-binding protein A12 (S100A12) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A12 gene. Human S100A12, also known as calgranulin C, was first described in 1995.

S100 calcium-binding protein A2 (S100A2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A2 gene and it is located on chromosome 1q21 with other S100 proteins.

S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) is a protein of the S100 protein family.

S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) also known as migration inhibitory factor-related protein 14 (MRP14) or calgranulin B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A9 gene.

S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A8 gene. It is also known as calgranulin A.

S100 calcium-binding protein A10 (S100A10), also known as p11, is a protein that is encoded by the S100A10 gene in humans and the S100a10 gene in other species. S100A10 is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells. They regulate a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. The S100 protein is implicated in exocytosis and endocytosis by reorganization of F-actin.

S100 calcium-binding protein P (S100P) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100P gene.

S100 calcium-binding protein A11 (S100A11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A11 gene.

S100 calcium-binding protein A13 (S100A13) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A13 gene.

S100 calcium-binding protein A5 (S100A5) is a protein that is encoded by the S100A5 gene in humans.

S100 calcium-binding protein A3 (S100A3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A3 gene.

S100 calcium-binding protein A7 (S100A7), also known as psoriasin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A7 gene.

Protein S100-A1, also known as S100 calcium-binding protein A1 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the S100A1 gene. S100A1 is highly expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle, and localizes to Z-discs and sarcoplasmic reticulum. S100A1 has shown promise as an effective candidate for gene therapy to treat post-myocardially infarcted cardiac tissue.