Skip to content
Vinony
English
EnglishBahasa IndonesiaDeutschEspañolFrançaisItalianoNederlandsPolskiPortuguêsSvenskaTiếng ViệtTürkçeРусскийالعربيةفارسیहिन्दीไทย한국어中文日本語
bismuth

File:Bismuth_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

EntityQ942· pop 150· linked from 1,350 articles

bismuth

Sign in to save

Also known as Bi, element 83, 83Bi

Bismuth is a chemical element; it has symbol Bi and atomic number 83. It is a post-transition metal and one of the pnictogens, with chemical properties resembling its lighter group 15 siblings arsenic and antimony. Elemental bismuth occurs naturally, and its sulfide and oxide forms are important commercial ores. The free element is 86% as dense as lead. It is a brittle metal with a silvery-white color when freshly produced. Surface oxidation generally gives samples of the metal a somewhat rosy cast. Further oxidation under heat can give bismuth a vividly iridescent appearance due to thin-film

OverviewAI-generated

Bismuth is a chemical element with the symbol Bi and atomic number 83. Its standard atomic mass is 208.9804. The element has an electronegativity of 2.02 and an ionic radius of 1.17. It is represented by the Unicode character 鉍.

In chemical contexts, bismuth is described by the formula Bi. It has a topological polar surface area of 0 and contains no hydrogen bond donors or acceptors. The molecule carries a neutral charge. Its InChIKey is JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N.

The subject is referenced in 1,350 other encyclopedia articles. Medical literature associated with the term includes 20,836 entries.

Synthesized by Vinony from 22 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula
Bi
Molecular weight
208.9804 g/mol
IUPAC name
bismuth
SMILES
[Bi]
InChIKey
JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area
0 Ų
H-bond donors
0
H-bond acceptors
0
Formal charge
0

via PubChem

Research

20,836 papers

via PubMed

~28 min read

Encyclopedic overview

25 sections
Contents
  • History and etymology
  • Characteristics
  • Physical characteristics
  • Chemical characteristics
  • Isotopes
  • Chemical compounds
  • Occurrence and production
  • Production
  • Price
  • Recycling
  • Applications
  • Medicines
  • Cosmetics and pigments
  • Electronics
  • Transistors
  • Metal and alloys
  • Lead replacement
  • Other metal uses and specialty alloys
  • Other uses as compounds
  • Toxicology and ecotoxicology
  • See also
  • Notes
  • References
  • Cited sources
  • External links

Bismuth is a chemical element; it has symbol Bi and atomic number 83. It is a post-transition metal and one of the pnictogens, with chemical properties resembling its lighter group 15 siblings arsenic and antimony. Elemental bismuth occurs naturally, and its sulfide and oxide forms are important commercial ores. The free element is 86% as dense as lead. It is a brittle metal with a silvery-white color when freshly produced. Surface oxidation generally gives samples of the metal a somewhat rosy cast. Further oxidation under heat can give bismuth a vividly iridescent appearance due to thin-film interference. Bismuth is both the most diamagnetic element and one of the least thermally conductive metals known.

Bismuth was formerly understood to be the element with the highest atomic mass whose nuclei do not spontaneously decay, but in 2003, it was found to be very slightly radioactive. The metal's only primordial isotope, bismuth-209, undergoes alpha decay with a half-life roughly a billion times longer than the estimated age of the universe.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “bismuth” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

Gallery (23)

Available in 148 languages

Show 129 more

via Wikidata sitelinks · CC0