File:Piper_nigrum_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-107.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
AI overview
Black pepper is a plant species that produces the familiar black peppercorns used as a spice in cooking around the world. It has been one of the most important and widely traded spices throughout history, making it significant both economically and culturally across different societies.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Species
FamilyPiperaceae
Native toSri Lanka
Climbers woody. Nodes clearly enlarged and rooting, glabrous. Petiole 1-2 cm, glabrous; leaf blade ovate to ovate-oblong, rarely suborbicular, 10-15 × 5-9 cm, thick, ± leathery, glabrous, base rounded, usually slightly oblique, apex acute; veins 5-7(-9), apical pair arising 1.5-3.5 cm above base, alternate, others basal; reticulate veins prominent. Flowers polygamous, usually monoecious. Spikes leaf-opposed, to as long as leaves; peduncle nearly as long as petioles, glabrous; bracts spatulate-oblong, 3-3.5 × ca. 0.8 mm, adaxially adnate to rachis, only margin and broad, rounded apex free, shallowly cupular. Stamens 2, 1 on each side of ovary; filaments thick, short; anthers reniform. Ovary globose; stigmas 3 or 4, rarely 5. Drupe red when ripe, drying black when unripe, globose, 3-4 mm in diam., sessile. Fl. Jun-Oct.
via · Kew POWO
Research
2,251 papers- Black pepper and its pungent principle-piperine: a review of diverse physiological effects.ReviewCritical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2007Srinivasan KDOI: 10.1080/10408390601062054
- A systematic review on black pepper (Piper nigrum L.): from folk uses to pharmacological applications.