Herod Antipas
1st century AD tetrarch of Galilee and Perea
AI overview
Herod Antipas was a Jewish ruler who governed the regions of Galilee and Perea during the 1st century AD under Roman authority. He is historically significant because he ruled during the time of Jesus and John the Baptist, both of whom appear in biblical accounts connected to his reign.
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- 0021-00-00
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Article
Herod Antipas, (Ancient Greek: Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπας, romanized: Hērṓidēs Antípas; c. 20 BC – c. 39 AD) was a 1st-century Herodian ruler of Galilee and Perea, in the time of the Herodian Tetrarchy. He bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both "Herod the Tetrarch" and "King Herod" in the New Testament. He was a son of Herod the Great and a grandson of Antipater the Idumaean. Known for his role in the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth (Matthew 14:1–12, Luke 23:5–12), his name is often associated with tyranny and persecution.
Following the death of his father (4 BC in Schürer's 1890 publication, 1 BC according to Jack Finegan, W. E. Filmer, and Andrew Steinmann), Herod Antipas was recognized as tetrarch by Caesar Augustus and subsequently by his brother, the ethnarch Herod Archelaus. Antipas officially ruled Galilee and Perea as a client state of the Roman Empire. He was responsible for building projects at Sepphoris and Betharamphtha, and for the construction of his capital Tiberias on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. Named in honour of his patron, the emperor Tiberius, the city later became a centre of rabbinic learning after the Jewish–Roman wars.