HLA-B
Sign in to saveAlso known as AS, HLAB, SPDA1, Bw-47, Bw-50, major histocompatibility complex, class I, B, B-4901, B-5001
HLA-B (major histocompatibility complex, class I, B) is a human gene that provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system. HLA-B is part of a family of genes called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. The HLA complex helps the immune system distinguish the body's own proteins from proteins made by foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria.
Gene data
HLA-B- Name
- major histocompatibility complex, class I, B
- Type
- protein-coding
- Position
- 31,353,195–31,367,067 (−)
- Aliases
- AS, B-4901, HLAB
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000228964
- RefSeq RNA
- NM_005514.8, XM_054330804.1, XM_054330805.1, XM_054330806.1
- RefSeq protein
- NP_005505.2, XP_054186779.1, XP_054186780.1, XP_054186781.1
HLA-B belongs to the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues. This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). The heavy chain is anchored in the membrane. Class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. They are expressed in nearly all cells. The heavy chain is approximately 45 kDa and its gene contains 8 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exon 2 and 3 encode the alpha1 and alpha2 domains, which both bind the peptide, exon 4 encodes the alpha3 domain, exon 5 encodes the transmembrane region and exons 6 and 7 encode the cytoplasmic tail. Polymorphisms within exon 2 and exon 3 are responsible for the peptide binding specificity of each class one molecule. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. Hundreds of HLA-B alleles have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Gene Ontology
Biological process
Molecular function
Pathways
via MyGene.info
Gene · Ensembl
major histocompatibility complex, class I, B
- Symbol
- HLA-B
- Biotype
- Protein coding
- Organism
- Homo sapiens
- Location
- Chr HSCHR6_MHC_SSTO_CTG1:2,571,447-2,659,467
- Strand
- Reverse (−)
- Assembly
- GRCh38
via Ensembl · EMBL-EBI
~8 min read
Encyclopedic overview
6 sectionsContents
- Related conditions
- HLA-B and graft compatibility
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
HLA-B (major histocompatibility complex, class I, B) is a human gene that provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system. HLA-B is part of a family of genes called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. The HLA complex helps the immune system distinguish the body's own proteins from proteins made by foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria.
HLA is the human version of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a gene family that occurs in many species. Genes in this complex are separated into three basic groups: class I, class II, and class III. In humans, the HLA-B gene and two related genes, HLA-A and HLA-C, are the major genes in MHC class I.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “HLA-B” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.