Structure via PubChem · Public domain (PubChem)
morpholine
Also known as diethylene imidoxide, diethylene oximide, tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine, tetrahydro-p-oxazine
Morpholine is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH. This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups. Because of the amine, morpholine is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium. For example, treating morpholine with hydrochloric acid generates the salt morpholinium chloride. It is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor. The naming of morpholine is attributed to Ludwig Knorr, who incorrectly believed it to be part of the structure of morphine.
Chemical data
- Formula
- C4H9NO
- Molecular weight
- 87.12 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- morpholine
- SMILES
- C1COCCN1
- InChIKey
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- XLogP
- -0.9
- Polar surface area
- 21.3 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 1
- H-bond acceptors
- 2
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Wikidata facts
- Mass
- 87.068
~3 min read
Article
10 sectionsContents
- Production
- Uses
- Industrial applications
- Organic synthesis
- Agriculture
- As a fruit coating
- As a component in fungicides
- See also
- References
- External links
Morpholine is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH. This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups. Because of the amine, morpholine is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium. For example, treating morpholine with hydrochloric acid generates the salt morpholinium chloride. It is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor. The naming of morpholine is attributed to Ludwig Knorr, who incorrectly believed it to be part of the structure of morphine.
==Production== Morpholine is often produced industrially by the dehydration of diethanolamine with concentrated sulfuric acid. Alternatively, it can be made from bis(2-chloroethyl)ether in a reaction with ammonia, by which also ammonium chloride is formed. 400px