芥子毒气
Also known as HD, Lost, bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfane, sulfur mustard, 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloroethane), bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide, bis(2-chloroethyl) sulphide, 1-chloro-2-[(2-chloroethyl)thio]ethane
二氯二乙硫醚
AI overview
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Chemical data
- Formula
- C4H8Cl2S
- Molecular weight
- 159.08 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- 1-chloro-2-(2-chloroethylsulfanyl)ethane
- SMILES
- C(CCl)SCCCl
- InChIKey
- QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- XLogP
- 2.1
- Polar surface area
- 25.3 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 0
- H-bond acceptors
- 1
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Research
2,732 papersArticle · 中文
芥子毒气（英語：mustard gas），亦簡稱為芥子气，学名二氯二乙硫醚，是一种重要的糜烂性毒剂，因味道與芥末相似而得名。 芥子气主要通过皮肤或呼吸道侵入肌体，潜伏期2—12小时。它直接损伤组织细胞，对皮肤、黏膜具有糜烂刺激作用：皮肤烧伤，出现红肿、水泡、溃烂；呼吸道黏膜发炎坏死，出现剧烈咳嗽和浓痰，甚至阻碍呼吸；眼睛出现结膜炎，导致红肿甚至失明；对造血器官也有损伤；多半有继发感染。摄入芥子气会引起呕吐和腹泻。世界衛生組織界定為一級致癌物。正常气候条件下，仅0.2mg·m-3的浓度就可使人受到毒害，死亡率約1%。 由于其可以經皮膚入侵人體，只使用防毒面具不足以應付芥子氣的威脅，唯有穿著全套或乘搭有核生化防護的載具，才可以安全通過受污染地區。在戰史上使用量、普遍性和殺傷最大，故被称作“毒剂之王”。 芥子气的含氮类似物称为氮芥，毒性比芥子气弱，被作为肿瘤化疗药物使用。
Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA