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serotonin

File:Serotonin-2D-skeletal.svg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

EntityQ167934· pop 73· linked from 3,616 articles

serotonin

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Also known as thrombotonin, thrombocytin, Antemoqua, Hippophaine, 5-hydroxy-tryptamine, Antemovis, 3-(2-Aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol, 3-(2-azanylethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol

Serotonin (), also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is a monoamine neurotransmitter with a wide range of functions in both the central nervous system (CNS) and also peripheral tissues. It is involved in mood, cognition, reward, learning, memory, and physiological processes such as vomiting and vasoconstriction. In the CNS, serotonin regulates mood, appetite, and sleep.

OverviewAI-generated

Serotonin is a chemical compound with the formula C₁₀H₁₂N₂O. Its IUPAC name is 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol. The substance has a mass of 176.095 and a weight of 176.21. It features a melting point of 167.5 and a boiling point of 416. The pKa value is 10.4, and the electric dipole moment measures 2.98.

Chemical properties include an xlogp of 0.2 and a tpsa of 62. The molecule contains three hydrogen bond donors and two hydrogen bond acceptors, with a charge of 0. The canonical SMILES notation is C1=CC2=C(C=C1O)C(=CN2)CCN.

Serotonin is associated with a PubMed count of 166094. It is referenced by 3,616 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 21 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Key facts

Drug.IUPAC_name
3-(2-Aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol
Drug.synonyms
5-HT, 5-Hydroxytryptamine, Enteramine, Thrombocytin, 3-(β-Aminoethyl)-5-hydroxyl solution, Thrombotonin
Drug.image
Serotonin-2D-skeletal.svg
Drug.image_class
skin-invert-image
Drug.alt
Skeletal formula of serotonin
Drug.image2
Serotonin-Spartan-HF-based-on-xtal-3D-balls-web.png
Drug.image_class2
bg-transparent
Drug.alt2
Ball-and-stick model of the serotonin molecule
Drug.source_tissues
raphe nuclei, enterochromaffin cells
Drug.target_tissues
system-wide
Drug.receptors
5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT3, 5-HT4, 5-HT5, 5-HT6, 5-HT7
Drug.agonists
Indirectly: SSRIs, MAOIs
Drug.precursor
5-HTP
Drug.biosynthesis
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
Drug.metabolism
MAO
Drug.CAS_number
50-67-9
Drug.PubChem
5202
Drug.ChemSpiderID
5013

via Wikipedia infobox

Chemical data

Formula
C10H12N2O
Molecular weight
176.21 g/mol
IUPAC name
3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol
SMILES
C1=CC2=C(C=C1O)C(=CN2)CCN
InChIKey
QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
XLogP
0.2
Polar surface area
62 Ų
H-bond donors
3
H-bond acceptors
2
Formal charge
0

via PubChem

Research

166,094 papers

via PubMed

~58 min read

Encyclopedic overview

64 sections
Contents
  • Molecular structure
  • Crystal structure
  • Biological role
  • Cellular effects
  • Receptors
  • Termination
  • Serotonylation
  • Nervous system
  • Ultrastructure and function
  • Microanatomy
  • Outside the nervous system
  • Digestive tract (emetic)
  • Lungs
  • Skin
  • Bone metabolism
  • Organ development
  • Cardiovascular growth factor
  • Adipose tissue
  • Pharmacology
  • Mechanism of action
  • Antidepressants
  • Anxiolytics
  • Antipsychotics
  • Antimigraine agents
  • Oxytocics
  • Antiemetics
  • Appetite suppressants
  • Anticonvulsants
  • Psychedelics
  • Entactogens
  • Serotonin syndrome
  • Cardiac fibrosis and other fibroses
  • Comparative biology and evolution
  • Unicellular organisms
  • Edible plants and mushrooms
  • Invertebrates
  • Nematodes
  • Decapods
  • In venoms
  • Insects
  • Acrididae
  • Role in insecticides
  • Hymenopterans
  • Dipterans
  • Vertebrates
  • 5-HT system in vertebrates
  • Dogs / canine species
  • Teleost fish
  • Mice
  • Behavior
  • Social interaction
  • Response to stimuli
  • Mood
  • Growth and reproduction
  • Aging and age-related phenotypes
  • Biochemical mechanisms
  • Biosynthesis
  • Analytical chemistry
  • History and etymology
  • Effects in humans
  • Notes
  • References
  • Further reading
  • External links

Serotonin (), also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is a monoamine neurotransmitter with a wide range of functions in both the central nervous system (CNS) and also peripheral tissues. It is involved in mood, cognition, reward, learning, memory, and physiological processes such as vomiting and vasoconstriction. In the CNS, serotonin regulates mood, appetite, and sleep.

Most of the body's serotonin—about 90%—is synthesized in the gastrointestinal tract by enterochromaffin cells, where it regulates intestinal movements. It is also produced in smaller amounts in the brainstem's raphe nuclei, the skin's Merkel cells, pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, and taste receptor cells of the tongue. Once secreted, serotonin is taken up by platelets in the blood, which release it during clotting to promote vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation. Around 8% of the body's serotonin is stored in platelets, and 1–2% is found in the CNS.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “serotonin” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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