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Umar ibn Al-Khattāb

Also known as Farooq the Great, Leader of the Faithful, Omar, 'Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭâb, 'Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭâb ibn Nufayl ibn 'Abdul-'Uzza ibn Riyâḥ ibn 'Abdullah ibn Qurut ibn Razâh ibn 'Adiyy ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy ibn Ghâlib al-Qurashi al-'Adawi, Omar ibn al-Khattab

Umar ibn al-Khattab (; ), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () and is regarded as a senior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

OverviewAI-generated

Umar ibn Al-Khattāb was a human statesperson, caliph, and imam who served as a Rashidun caliph in the Rashidun Caliphate. Born in Mecca in 586, he was the son of Al-Khattab bin Nufayl and Ḥantamah bint Khattab. He was a companion of the Prophet and participated in the Battle of Badr, Battle of Uhud, Battle of the Trench, and Battle of Khaybar. His religion was Islam.

He died in Medina on November 3, 644, by homicide, and is buried in the Prophet's Mosque. His spouse included Umm Kulthum bint Ali, Atika bint Zayd, Jamila bint Thabit, and Umm Kulthum bint Jarwal. His children were Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab, Asim ibn Umar, Hafsa bint Umar ibn Al-Khattab, and Ubayd Allah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab. He had siblings Zayd ibn al-Khattab and Fatimah bint al-Khattab.

Synthesized by Vinony from 27 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, Crossref, MusicBrainz, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Music · MusicBrainz

Type: Person
Gender: Male
Origin: Mecca
Active from: 0577
Active to: 0644-11-03

via MusicBrainz · CC0

Recent publications · Crossref

5 total works indexed

Reproducible, interactive, scalable and extensible microbiome data science using QIIME 2
· 2019 · cited 20,845x
Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
· 2020 · cited 15,947x
Tissue-based map of the human proteome
· 2015 · cited 14,092x
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
· 2018 · cited 10,992x
Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019
· 2020 · cited 10,215x

via Crossref · CC0

Key facts

Royalty.birth_place: Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia
Royalty.name: Umar ibn al-Khattab
Royalty.title: Amir al-Mu'mininAl-FārūqAbū ḤafṣRaḍiya Ilāhu ʿAnhū
Royalty.succession: 2nd Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate
Royalty.reign: 23 August 634 – ()
Royalty.image: Hagia Sopia 6163502494 (cropped).jpg
Royalty.image_size: 280
Royalty.caption: Calligraphic seal featuring Umar's name, on display in the Hagia Sophia, Istanbul
Royalty.predecessor: Abu Bakr
Royalty.successor: Uthman
Royalty.death_date: (c. 26 Dhu al-Hijjah 23 AH) ()
Royalty.death_place: Medina, Rashidun Caliphate
Royalty.burial_place: Prophet's Mosque, Medina
Royalty.house: Quraysh (Banu Adi)
Royalty.house type: Tribe
Royalty.father: Al-Khattab ibn Nufayl
Royalty.mother: Hantamah bint Hisham
Royalty.religion: Islam

via Wikipedia infobox

~54 min read

Encyclopedic overview

38 sections

Contents

Early life
Early military career
Opposition to Islam
Conversion to Islam and service under Muhammad
Migration to Medina
Life in Medina
Death of Muhammad
Foundation of the caliphate
Abu Bakr's era
Appointment as a caliph
Caliphate
Political and civil administration
Canals
Reforms
Visit to Jerusalem in 637
The Conquest of Jerusalem (637)
Military expansion
Great famine
Great plague
Welfare state
Free trade
Assassination
Aftermath
Physical appearance
Assessments and legacy
Political legacy
Military legacy
Religious legacy
Sunni views
Shia views
Family
Wives
Sons
Daughters
See also
Notes
References
Bibliography

Initially, Umar opposed Muhammad, who was his distant Qurayshite kinsman. However, after converting to Islam in 616, he became the first Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba. He participated in nearly all of Muhammad's battles and expeditions, and Muhammad conferred upon him the title al-Fārūq ("the Distinguisher") for his sound judgement. After Muhammad's death in June 632, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr as the first caliph and served as his chief adviser. In 634, shortly before his death, Abu Bakr nominated Umar as his successor.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Umar ibn Al-Khattāb” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.