N-isopropyl-phenoxypropanolamines

Propranolol is a medication of the beta blocker class. It is used to treat high blood pressure, some types of irregular heart rate, thyrotoxicosis, capillary hemangiomas, akathisia, performance anxiety, and essential tremors, as well as to prevent migraine headaches, and to prevent further heart problems in those with angina or previous heart attacks. It can be taken orally, rectally, or by intravenous injection. The formulation that is taken orally comes in short-acting and long-acting versions. Propranolol appears in the blood after 30 minutes and has a maximum effect between 60 and 90 minut

Metoprolol, sold under the brand names Lopressor and Toprol-XL among others, is a medication used to treat angina, high blood pressure and a number of conditions involving an abnormally fast heart rate. It is also used to prevent further heart problems after myocardial infarction and to prevent headaches in those with migraines. It is a beta blocker, specifically a selective β1 receptor blocker, and is taken by mouth or is given intravenously.

Bisoprolol, sold under the brand names Bisotab, Concor, Corbis and Zebeta among others, is a beta blocker which is selective for the beta-1 receptor and used for cardiovascular diseases, including tachyarrhythmias, high blood pressure, angina, and heart failure. It is taken by mouth.

Atenolol is a beta blocker medication primarily used to treat high blood pressure and heart-associated chest pain. Although used to treat high blood pressure, it does not seem to improve mortality in those with the condition. Other uses include the prevention of migraines and treatment of certain irregular heart beats. It is taken orally (by mouth) or by intravenous injection (injection into a vein). It can also be used with other blood pressure medications.

Pindolol, sold under the brand name Visken among others, is a non-selective beta blocker which is used in the treatment of hypertension. It is also an antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor, preferentially blocking inhibitory 5-HT1A autoreceptors, and has been researched as an add-on therapy to various antidepressants, such as clomipramine and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), in the treatment of depression and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD).

Betaxolol is a beta blocker used in the treatment of hypertension and angina.

Esmolol, sold under the brand name Brevibloc, is a cardio selective beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset, a very short duration of action, and no significant intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane stabilising activity at therapeutic dosages.

Oxprenolol, sold under the brand name Trasicor among others, is a non-selective beta blocker with some intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. It is used for the treatment of angina pectoris, abnormal heart rhythms, and high blood pressure.

Alprenolol, or alfeprol, alpheprol, and alprenololum (Gubernal, Regletin, Yobir, Apllobal, Aptine, Aptol Duriles), is a non-selective beta blocker as well as a 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptor antagonist, used in the treatment of angina pectoris. It is no longer marketed by AstraZeneca, but may still be available from other pharmaceutical companies or generically.

Practolol (Eraldin, Dalzic, Praktol, Cardiol, Pralon, Cordialina, Eraldina, Teranol) is a beta blocker selective for the β1-adrenergic receptor that has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Practolol is no longer used as it is highly toxic despite the similarity of its chemical formula to propranolol.

Mepindolol (Betagon) is a non-selective beta blocker. It is used to treat glaucoma. ==Synthesis== upright=2 The first reported synthesis of mepindolol in 1971 used 4-hydroxy-2-methylindole {9) with epichlorohydrin and then isopropylamine to add the sidechain which was known to produce beta blockers, by analogy with drugs discovered by Imperial Chemical Industries, such as propanolol. The requisite intermediate was synthesized in a multi-step procedure from 4-benzyloxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (1) which was converted into (9) by conventional chemistry.

Metipranolol (OptiPranolol, Betanol, Disorat, Trimepranol) is a non-selective beta blocker used in eye drops to treat glaucoma. It is rapidly metabolized into desacetylmetipranolol.

Adaprolol is a beta blocker.

Carazolol is a high affinity inverse agonist (also referred to as a beta blocker) of the β-adrenergic receptor.

Befunolol (INN) is a beta blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity used in the management of open-angle glaucoma. It also acts as a β adrenoreceptor partial agonist. Befunolol was introduced in Japan in 1983 by Kakenyaku Kako Co. under the trade name Bentos.

Flusoxolol is a selective beta-1 receptor blocker.

Desacetylmetipranolol is the active metabolite of metipranolol.

Indenolol is a beta-adrenergic blocker for the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure). It was investigated in the 1980s, but is not known to be marketed . It is a derivative of a phenolic 4-indenol. ==References==

Procinolol is a beta adrenergic receptor antagonist, a group of pharmaceutical drugs that lower heart rhythm and blood pressure.

Levobetaxolol is a drug used to lower the pressure in the eye in treating conditions such as glaucoma. It is marketed as a 0.25 or 0.5% ophthalmic solution of levobetaxolol hydrochloride under the trade name Betaxon. Levobetaxolol is a beta-adrenergic receptor inhibitor (beta blocker).

Pafenolol is a beta adrenergic receptor antagonist.

Bornaprolol is a beta-adrenergic antagonist. ==Synthesis== [[File:Bornaprolol synthesis.svg|thumb|center|500px|ChemDrug Synthesis: Patent:]] The reaction between 2-(Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl)phenol [17152-43-1] (1) and epichlorohydrin [106-89-8] (2) in the presence of sodium metal gives (3). Opening of the oxirane by treatment with isopropylamine [75-31-0] (4) completed the synthesis of Bornaprolol (5). ==References==

Pamatolol is a beta adrenergic receptor antagonist.

Tiprenolol is a beta adrenergic receptor antagonist.

REDIRECT Propranolol#Idropranolol

Exaprolol is a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist.

Iprocrolol is a beta blocker that was never marketed.

Toliprolol is a beta adrenergic receptor antagonist.